KANG Zhenxing,LI Darong,ZHOU Wuxian,et al.Effects of Different Formula Fertilization on Pinellia ternata Growth and Soil Physicochemical Properties[J].Northern Horticulture,2025,(11):84-91.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20244606]
不同配方施肥对半夏生长及土壤理化性质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Formula Fertilization on Pinellia ternata Growth and Soil Physicochemical Properties
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2025)11-0084-08
- Keywords:
- Pinellia ternata; formula fertilization; quality; yield; soil enzyme activity; soil nutrients
- 分类号:
- S 853.75
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以半夏为试材，开展大田试验，设置6种不同的配方施肥处理，即T1（2 400 kg·hm-2无机肥）、T2（1 800 kg·hm-2无机肥）、T3（1 200 kg·hm-2无机肥）、T4（795 kg·hm-2无机肥）、T5（715.5 kg·hm-2无机肥+1 500 kg·hm-2有机肥）、T6（636 kg·hm-2无机肥+3 000 kg·hm-2有机肥），研究不同配方施肥对半夏生长及土壤理化性质的影响，以期为半夏配方施肥提供参考依据。结果表明：随着配施无机肥中氮磷钾水平的下降，半夏产量在T4处理下显著增加，且可溶性蛋白质含量均显著高于T1处理。随着无机肥氮磷钾配施水平的下降，春秋季土壤脲酶活性均呈现先升后降的趋势，秋季土壤蔗糖酶活性呈上升趋势。春季土壤速效磷含量及秋季速效氮、速效磷均随氮磷钾配施水平的下降呈现先增后减的趋势。有机无机肥配施下，T5和T6产量与T4处理相比无显著差异，但显著高于其他无机肥配施处理，且半夏球茎可溶性蛋白质含量显著高于T1处理。与T1处理相比，T6处理下秋季土壤蔗糖酶活性显著提升。与T4相比，T5处理和T6处理的土壤过氧化氢酶活性在春季显著提升，秋季显著下降。综上，合理的配方施肥处理能显著提高半夏产量及部分品质指标，改善土壤性质。从增产角度来看，T5的作用效果最佳。
- Abstract:
- Taking Pinellia ternata as the experimental material，a field experiment was conducted with six fertilization treatments,T1 (2 400 kg·hm-2 inorganic fertilizer)，T2 (1 800 kg·hm-2 inorganic fertilizer)，T3 (1 200 kg·hm-2 inorganic fertilizer)，T4 (795 kg·hm-2 inorganic fertilizer)，T5 (715.5 kg·hm-2 inorganic fertilizer+1 500 kg·hm-2 organic fertilizer)，and T6 (636 kg·hm-2 inorganic fertilizer+3 000 kg·hm-2 organic fertilizer),the effects of different fertilization treatments on Pinellia ternata growth and soil physicochemical properties were studied,in order to screen the most suitable Pinellia ternata fertilization scheme.The results showed that as the level of nitrogen (N)，phosphorus (P)，and potassium (K) in the inorganic fertilizer treatments decreased，the yield of P.ternata significantly increased under T4，and the content of soluble protein in T4 was significantly higher than that in T1.As N，P，and K levels decreased in inorganic fertilizer treatments，soil urease activity exhibited a unimodal pattern (peaking at intermediate nutrient levels) during both spring and autumn，while autumn soil sucrase activity demonstrated a consistent increasing trend.With decreasing of N、P、K levels in inorganic fertilizers，available phosphorus content in spring and available nitrogen/phosphorus in autumn all exhibited unimodal response patterns，peaking at intermediate fertilizer concentrations.In the combined organic-inorganic fertilizer treatments (T5-T6)，tuber yield showed no significant difference compared to T4，but was significantly higher than T1-T3.Notably，soluble protein content in tubers under T5-T6 was significantly elevated relative to T1.Compared with T1 treatment，the soil sucrase activity in autumn under T6 treatment was significantly enhanced.Compared with T4，the soil catalase activity under T5 and T6 treatments was significantly increased in spring，but significantly decreased in autumn.In summary，suitable fertilization treatments could significantly improve the yield and some quality indicators of P.ternata and ameliorate soil properties.From a yield enhancement perspective，T5 demonstrated optimal performance compared with other fertilization treatments.
参考文献/References:
［1］黄兰清,吴丽君,王晓明,等.配方施肥对‘紫精灵’紫薇容器苗生长、开花及生理的影响［J］.植物生理学报,2022,58(9):1735-1746.［2］黄景贵,粟春青,王凌晖,等.氮磷钾指数配方施肥对假苹婆幼苗生长和光合特性的影响［J］.西南农业学报,2021,34(12):2691-2699.［3］YUAN X Q，GUO Q S，WANG C L，et al.Effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium formula fertilizer on growth and chemical composition content of Inula japonica［J］.China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica，2019，44(15):3246-3252.［4］YANG Y,GONG Y,ZHOU Z,et al.Effects of different formulations of fertilization on fruit quality of ‘Phoenix Plum’［J］.IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science,2021,792(1):012028.［5］孙金,翁丽丽,肖春萍,等.氮磷钾配方施肥对北苍术生长及有效成分含量的影响［J］.北方园艺,2021(3):128-135.［6］苏海兰,郑梅霞,陈宏,等.氮磷钾配方施肥提高林下七叶一枝花产量和重楼皂苷含量［J］.植物营养与肥料学报,2024,30(1):128-136.［7］周介仁,孙健,任江剑,等.秋季氮磷钾配方施肥对白花前胡产量和品质的影响［J］.中国现代中药,2022,24(12):2443-2449.［8］陈晓芳,张翔宇,柳敏,等.半夏测土配方施肥产量效应和氮磷钾吸收特性分析［J］.中国野生植物资源,2024,43(2):1-7,19.［9］国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典-一部:2020年版［M］.北京:中国医药科技出版社,2020.［10］陈晓芳,张翔宇,柳敏,等.配方施肥对不同生长期半夏叶片氮磷钾吸收量及产量的影响［J］.贵州农业科学,2024,52(5):101-110.［11］郭欣慰,江艳华,李艾莲.贵州省喀斯特温凉气候区半夏产量构成及配方施肥的研究［J］.中国农业大学学报,2020,25(10):55-64.［12］肖平阔,王沫,张振媛,等.半夏干物质积累与氮、磷、钾吸收特点的研究［J］.植物营养与肥料学报,2009,15(2):453-456.［13］周武先,李梦歌,谭旭辉,等.播种密度对不同季节半夏生长、品质及土壤酶活性的影响［J］.作物杂志,2022(4):205-213.［14］何书美,刘敬兰.茶叶中总黄酮含量测定方法的研究［J］.分析化学,2007,35(9):1365-1368.［15］张楠.半夏块茎品质及其影响因素研究［D］.保定:河北大学,2019.［16］张楠,郭春延,薛晶晶,等.半夏生物碱提取方法及抗氧化性研究［J］.实验技术与管理,2019,36(8):61-64.［17］鲍士旦.土壤农化分析［M］.3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.［18］冯邹娜，苏立城，冯嘉仪，等.氮磷钾配施对银杏叶片性状和营养元素含量的影响［J］.中南林业科技大学学报,2024,44(11):40-48.［19］张广彩,李菁,梁兆君,等.不同花生轮作模式对土壤酶活性的影响［J］.花生学报,2024,53(3):21-27,41.［20］魏鑫,林德喜,袁照年,等.甘蔗关键生育期不同施肥处理对土壤养分及酶活性的影响［J］.西南农业学报,2020,33(8):1741-1747.［21］王小龙,史祥宾,王志强,等.配方施肥对设施‘87-1’葡萄植株矿质元素含量及果实品质的影响［J］.中国土壤与肥料,2023(8):152-160.［22］欧阳圳.氮钾配施对青牛胆生长和次生代谢物的影响［D］.武汉:华中农业大学,2023.［23］武晓森,周晓琳,曹凤明,等.不同施肥处理对玉米产量及土壤酶活性的影响［J］.中国土壤与肥料,2015(1):44-49.［24］ZHANG X Y,LI S S,AN X L,et al.Effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium formula fertilization on the yield and berry quality of blueberry［J］.PLoS One,2023,18(3):e0283137.［25］杨彬,周福平,张海燕,等.不同氮磷钾配施对晋中地区丹参产量和药用成分的影响［J］.北方园艺,2023(12):99-105.［26］李博,唐毓佐,任永胜,等.配方施肥对刺黑竹产量和品质的影响［J］.中国土壤与肥料,2021(2):178-184.［27］张衡锋,韦庆翠,魏欣,等.氮磷钾配施对番红花品质和产量的影响［J］.江苏农业科学,2018,46(24):126-129.［28］刘学硕,崔佳月,刘光源,等.氮肥减量配施碳基营养肥对大白菜产量和品质及土壤养分的影响［J］.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2024,52(6):132-142,154.［29］杨汉,黄志谋,瞿和平,等.优化施肥对鲜食型甘薯产量、养分利用及土壤性质的影响［J］.中国农学通报,2024,40(8):63-67.［30］SONG H,CHANG Z,HU X,et al.Combined application of chemical and organic fertilizers promoted soil carbon sequestration and bacterial community diversity in dryland wheat fields［J］.Land,2024,13(8):1296.［31］文春燕,熊运华,王萍,等.减施化肥配施不同有机肥对优质籼稻产量和品质的影响［J］.土壤,2023,55(2):280-287.［32］WAN X F，WANG S，ZHANG Y，et al.Effect of combined application of inorganic and organic fertilizers on growth and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza［J］.China journal of Chinese materia medica，2021，46(8):1927-1934.［33］郑剑超,李明,董飞.减施化肥增施有机肥和菌肥对番茄产量及土壤微生物和酶活性的影响［J］.中国农学通报,2024,40(9):48-54.［34］唐海龙.配方施肥对竹叶花椒生长和产量品质及土壤肥力的影响［D］.雅安:四川农业大学,2019.［35］李大荣，李小玲，周武先,等.有机肥替代部分化肥对湖北贝母生长及土壤性质的影响［J］.中国农业科技导报,2025,27(3):216-226.［36］马凡凡,邢素林,甘曼琴,等.有机肥替代化肥对水稻产量、土壤肥力及农田氮磷流失的影响［J］.作物杂志,2019(5):89-96.［37］蒋如,宁诗琪,隋宗明,等.长期轮作施肥处理对植烟土壤有机碳组分和酶活性的影响［J］.土壤,2024,56(3):510-516.［38］谌琛,同延安,路永莉,等.不同钾肥种类对苹果产量、品质及耐贮性的影响［J］.植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(1):216-224.
相似文献/References:
[1]陶米林,刘清波,黄红梅,等.半夏组织培养体系的建立[J].北方园艺,2013,37(04):113.
[2]魏莉霞,王国祥,彭云霞,等.半夏新品系BY-1的选育[J].北方园艺,2014,38(05):150.
WEI Li-xia,WANG Guo-xiang,PENG Yun-xia,et al.Breeding of a New Cultivar of Pinellia ternata Thunb.Berit BY-1[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(11):150.
[3]张晓宏,王著龙,梁霞.缓释配方肥对加工番茄产量和品质及效益的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(07):172.
ZHANG Xiao-hong,WANG Zhu-long,LIANG Xia.Influence of Slow-release Formula Fertilizer on Yield,Quality and Efficiency of Processing Tomato[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(11):172.
[4]刘洋.半夏组培苗的生根与移栽技术研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(17):161.
LIU Yang.Study on Roots Inducement in Tube and Transplant Technique of Pinellia ternata[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(11):161.
[5]党永花.柴达木地区胡萝卜配方施肥试验[J].北方园艺,2012,36(09):54.
DANG Yong-hua.The Manorial Experiment of Carrots Formular at Qaidam[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(11):54.
[6]高健,郑险峰,高文海,等.配方施肥对红枣产量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(21):176.
GAO Jian,ZHENG Xian-feng,GAO Wen-hai,et al.Effect of Balanced Fertilization on Yield of Ziziphus jujuba[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(11):176.
[7]张 皓,何腾兵 ,林昌虎,等.赫章核桃与半夏间作土壤养分分析[J].北方园艺,2015,39(01):172.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201501046]
ZHANG Hao,HE Teng-bing,LIN Chang-hu,et al.Analysis on Soil Nutrient Between Hezhang Walnut and Tuber of Pinellia[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(11):172.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201501046]
[8]李经洽,克热木?伊力,艾克拜尔?伊拉洪,等.配方施肥对库尔勒香梨果实及土壤矿质营养含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2015,39(16):166.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201516040]
LI Jingqia,KarimALI,AikebaierYILAHONG,et al.Effect of Formulated Fertilization on Mineral Nutrition Contents in Fruit and Soil of Korla Fragrant Pear[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(11):166.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201516040]
[9]魏 莉 霞,漆 燕 玲.半 夏 实 生 苗 培 育 技 术[J].北方园艺,2009,33(07):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200907093]
[J].Northern Horticulture,2009,33(11):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200907093]
[10]潘 卫 仓,刘 菊 英.半夏愈伤组织的诱导及植株的再生研究[J].北方园艺,2009,33(11):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2009011080]
PAN Wei -cang,LIU Ju-ying.Induction of Callus and Regeration Pinellia ternate in Tianshu[J].Northern Horticulture,2009,33(11):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2009011080]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：康振兴（1983-），男，硕士，副教授，现主要从事中药材栽培及产地加工等研究工作。E-mail：hbeskzx@foxmail.com.责任作者：胡平（1981-），女，硕士，副教授，现主要从事植物保护、生物技术等研究工作。E-mail：83667877@qq.com.基金项目：现代农业产业技术体系专项资助项目(CARS-21)；湖北省支持种业高质量发展资金资助项目(HBZY2023B00506)。收稿日期：2024-11-21