ZHANG Xuelian,LIU Yu,JIN Qiang,et al.Study on the Effect of Applying Controlled Release Blended Fertilizer for Overwintering Celery[J].Northern Horticulture,2025,(7):26-33.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20243743]
越冬芹菜控释掺混肥一次性底施效果研究
- Title:
- Study on the Effect of Applying Controlled Release Blended Fertilizer for Overwintering Celery
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2025)07-0026-08
- Keywords:
- controlled release blended fertilizer; one-time base applying; overwintering celery; quality; inorganic nitrogen
- 分类号:
- S 636.3
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“奥尔良”芹菜为试材，采用小区对比试验法，研究了90 d聚氨酯（CU90-1）、90 d再生塑料（CU90-2）、120 d聚氨酯（CU120）3种包膜尿素分别与磷酸二铵和硫酸钾掺混减量一次性底施（N-P2O5-K2O=234-86-252 kg·hm-2）及常规底追结合施肥（CF，N-P2O5-K2O=763-192-616 kg·hm-2）对芹菜产出、品质、养分吸收量、土壤无机氮残留及土壤微生物生物量碳、氮的影响，以期为越冬密植高产芹菜绿色和轻简施肥管理提供参考依据。结果表明：与CF对照相比，CU90-1、CU90-2和CU120处理分别显著提高芹菜株高74.6%、84.4%和69.7%（移栽后69 d），27.3%、25.7%和20.4%（移栽后110 d）；分别增产14.1%、9.0%和20.1%，分别降低硝酸盐51.2%（P<0.05）、50.0%（P<0.05）和15.9%（P>0.05）；节约化肥成本2.61 万元·hm-2，增加经济效益4.30万~6.38 万元·hm-2；分别提高氮（N）、磷（P2O5）和钾（K2O）偏生产力至常规施肥的3.56~3.92、2.45~2.70倍和2.66~2.93倍。试验结束后，3个控释掺混肥处理土壤微生物生物量碳含量分别显著高于常规施肥39.23%、20.76%和23.41%（P<0.05），土壤微生物生物量氮含量分别显著高于常规施肥25.87%、30.73%和59.23%（P<0.05）。综合来看，90 d聚氨酯包膜尿素掺混肥在芹菜产出、品质提升及土壤微生态改良方面的综合效果最佳，是一项值得推广应用的绿色、轻简技术模式。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Aoerliang’celery as the test material，the method of community comparison experiment was adopted,the effects of reduced applying 90 days polyurethane coated urine (CU90-1)，90 days PE coated urine (CU90-2) and 120 days polyurethane coated urine (CU120) separately blended with diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate (N-P2O5-K2O=234-86-252 kg·hm-2) and conventional base fertilizer combined with top-dressing (CF，N-P2O5-K2O=763-192-616 kg·hm-2) on celery production，quality，nutrient uptake，soil inorganic nitrogen residue，soil microbial biomass carbon，and microbial biomass nitrogen were studied，in order to provide reference for green and simple fertilization management for dense planting and high-yield celery.The results showed that compared with CF control，CU90-1，CU90-2，and CU120 treatments significantly increased celery plant height of celery by 74.6%,84.4% and 69.7% 69 days after planting and by 27.3%,25.7%,and 20.4% 110 days after planting，respectively (P<0.05).The three treatments increased celery yield by 14.1%，9.0%，and 20.1% respectively，reduced celery nitrate content by 51.2% (P<0.05)，50.0% (P<0.05)，and 15.9% (P>0.05)，respectively，reduced fertilizer costs by 2.61×104 RMB·hm-2，increased net benefits by 4.30×104-6.38×104 RMB·hm-2 and separately increase nitrogen(N)，phosphorus (P2O5)，and potassium (K2O) productivity to 3.56-3.92 times，2.45-2.70 times，and 2.66-2.93 times higher than conventional fertilization.After harvest，soil microbial biomass carbon in the three controlled release,blended fertilizer treatments was significantly higher than that in conventional fertilization by 39.23%，20.76%，and 23.41% (P<0.05)，and soil microbial biomass nitrogen was significantly higher than that in conventional fertilization by 25.87%，30.73%，and 59.23% (P<0.05).In summary，the comprehensive effect of one-time base applying 90 days polyurethane coated urine blended with diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate was the best and it was a green and simple fertilization technology model worth promoting and applying.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张雪莲(1982-)，女，博士，高级农艺师，现主要从事农田土壤生态等研究工作。E-mail:xlzhang2001@126.com.责任作者：刘瑜（1985-)，女，硕士，高级农艺师，现主要从事土壤改良修复与科学肥料技术等研究工作。E-mail:liuyu850812@163.com.基金项目：北京市设施蔬菜创新团队叶菜土壤栽培岗位专家资助项目（BAIC01）。收稿日期：2024-09-20