QIAO Xinyue,DU Chunmei,LI Li,et al.Isolation and Identification of Pathogens of Actinidia arguta Rot and Antifungal Study of Garlic Crude Extract[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(17):34-42.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240660]
软枣猕猴桃腐烂病病原菌的分离鉴定及蒜瓣粗提物的抑菌研究
- Title:
- Isolation and Identification of Pathogens of Actinidia arguta Rot and Antifungal Study of Garlic Crude Extract
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2024)17-0034-09
- Keywords:
- Actinidia arguta; rot pathogen; isolation and identification; Talaromyces sp.; garlic crude extract
- 分类号:
- S 663.4
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以患病的软枣猕猴桃果实为试材,采用组织分离法和形态学、分子生物学鉴定法进行病原菌的分离鉴定,并采用菌丝生长速率法测定蒜瓣粗提物对病原菌的抑制效果,研究了佳木斯地区软枣猕猴桃果实腐烂病病原菌的种类和不同浓度(0、10、20、30 mg·mL-1)蒜瓣粗提物对分离得到的病原菌的控制效果,以期为病害的科学防控提供参考依据。结果表明:从感病的软枣猕猴桃果实上共分离得到7种致病菌,结合形态特征和分子生物学鉴定分别确定为层出镰刀菌(Fusarium proliferatum)、青霉属(Penicillium sp.)、篮状菌属(Talaromyces sp.)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)、拟盘多毛孢属(Pestalotiopsis sp.)、葡萄孢属(Botrytis sp.)和新拟盘多毛孢属(Neopestalotiopsis sp.),其中新拟盘多毛孢属(Neopestalotiopsis sp.)致病力最强,篮状菌属(Talaromyces sp.)引起软枣猕猴桃果实腐烂在国内尚属首次报道;蒜瓣粗提物对12株软枣猕猴桃腐烂病病原真菌均表现出良好的抑菌活性,且浓度越高抑制效果越明显。当蒜瓣粗提物浓度为30 mg·mL-1时,对12株致病菌的抑制率均达到60%以上,对篮状菌属的抑制率最高可达100%。
- Abstract:
- Taking diseased Actinidia arguta fruit as the experimental materials,tissue isolation method,morphological and molecular biology identification methods were used to isolate and identify pathogens.The mycelium growth rate method was used to determine the inhibitory effect of garlic crude extract on pathogens,the fruit rot pathogens in Actinidia arguta in Jiamusi and the effects of garlic extract on these pathogens were investigated,in order to provide reference for scientific prevention and control of diseases.The results showed that seven kinds of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the infected Actinidia arguta fruit,which were identified as Fusarium proliferatum,Penicillium sp.,Talaromyces sp.,Aspergillus niger,Pestalotiopsis sp.,Botrytis sp.and Neopestalotiopsis sp..Among which Neopestalotiopsis sp.had the strongest pathogenicity,and the decay of Actinidia arguta fruit caused by Talaromyces sp.was reported for the first time in China.The crude extract of garlic showed good antibacterial activity against 12 pathogenic fungi of Actinidia arguta fruit valsa canker,and the higher the concentration,the more obvious the inhibitory effect.When the concentration of garlic crude extract was 30 mg·mL-1,the inhibition rate of 12 pathogenic bacteria reached more than 60%,and the inhibition rate of Talaromyces sp.was up to 100%.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介:乔新月(2001-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物提取物抑制果实病害。E-mail:1322157665@qq.com.责任作者:刘德江(1980-),男,硕士,正高级实验师,现主要从事寒地植物资源、生态、栽培及提取物等研究工作。E-mail:Liudejiang2004@163.com.基金项目:黑龙江省省教育厅基本科研业务费基础研究资助项目(22KYYWF0655);中央支持地方高校改革发展资金优秀青年人才资助项目(2020YQ09)。收稿日期:2024-02-17