GUO Songchao,ZHUANG Yuan,GUO Kailu,et al.Effects of Different Soil Management Methods on Soil Nutrients and Enzyme Activities of Fragrant Pear Buds in Southern Xinjiang[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(18):72-83.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240025]
不同土壤管理方式对南疆芽变香梨优系土壤养分及酶活性的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Soil Management Methods on Soil Nutrients and Enzyme Activities of Fragrant Pear Buds in Southern Xinjiang
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2024)18-0072-12
- Keywords:
- field management; soil nutrient; enzyme activity
- 分类号:
- S 662.09
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以芽变香梨优系为试材，设置了CK（无覆盖）、T1（地布覆盖）、T2（生草覆盖）、T3（菌肥）、T4（有机肥）、T5（有机肥+菌肥）6种农艺处理，研究了不同田间管理方式对土壤养分及酶活性的影响，以期为解决芽变香梨优系在栽培过程中土壤管理提供参考依据。结果表明：较CK，T1~T5处理浅层碱解氮、有效磷全氮、全磷、有机质含量均有显著提高；T3~T5处理速效钾含量较CK提高显著；对比CK，施用T1~T5措施处理均可以提高土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性；T1~T5处理提高深层土壤养分含量、酶活性的效果随处理时间延长不断增强；综合分析，增加地面覆盖部分T2处理改良果园土壤效果更优，增施肥部分T5处理提高果园养分作用显著。建议梨园地面覆盖措施选用生草覆盖并定期施用菌肥、有机肥。
- Abstract:
- Taking bud fragrant pear as the test material,CK (no cover),T1 (floor cover),T2 (raw grass cover),T3 (bacteria fertilizer),T4 (organic fertilizer),T5 (organic fertilizer+fertilizer) 6 kinds of agronomic treatments were carried out to study the effects of different field management on the soil nutrients and enzyme activity,in order to provide reference for solving soil management problems in the cultivation process of budding pear superior strains.The results showed that compared with CK,in the late test fertilization treatment and covering treatment 0-20 cm soil nutrient content had increased,including T5 treatment best,the alkali nitrogen content increased by 39.24%,catalase activity increased by 83.88%,fertilization,ground cover treatment improves the bud fragrant pear superior shallow soil nutrient content and enzyme activity,increase covering and add organic fertilizer,fungus fertilizer to create a good orchard soil environment.
参考文献/References:
［1］张鹏．我国梨属植物种和品种分类的进展［J］．山西果树，1991(2)：2-5．［2］李养义，张峰，关晓媛．‘库尔勒香梨’产业发展优势、问题及对策［J］．北方果树，2019(5)：45-48．［3］陈金星．不同种植年限苹果园土壤特性比较［D］．杨凌：西北农林科技大学，2010．［4］石荫平，李雅志，王强生.果树突变育种［M］.上海：上海科学技术出版社，1982.［5］侯佳贤，崔龙，高玉江.果树芽变育种研究进展［J］.园艺学报，2006(7)：273-277.［6］武春昊，卢明艳，闫兴凯，等.我国近五十年梨芽变育种研究进展与展望［J］.北方园艺，2018(19):156-161.［7］FANG J G,ZHANG Z,et al.The possibility of using RAPD maker for the identification of fruit sports［J］.Journal of Fruit Science,2001,18(3):182-185.［8］丁阔，王雪梅，柴仲平，等．新疆库尔勒香梨园土壤养分特征［J］．西部林业科学，2016，45(1)：62-67.［9］唐丽，张王斌，李春艳，等．无机元素N、P、K含量与库尔勒香梨腐烂病严重度间的关联分析［J］．北方园艺，2023(18)：27-34.［10］王文．不同覆盖材料对枣园土壤理化性质、树体生长及果实品质的影响［D］．阿拉尔：塔里木大学，2022.［11］廖小龙，廖康，刘曼曼，等．果园地面覆盖对库尔勒香梨生长与结果的影响［J］．经济林研究，2014，32(3)：114-117.［12］张朋朋，王小丫，陶书田，等.果园生草栽培年限对库尔勒香梨果实形态特征和品质的影响［J］.北方园艺，2021(22)：22-28.［13］彭先容,王帅,曾卓华,等.有机肥替代化肥比例对红心柚产量品质及土壤养分的影响［J］.中国土壤与肥料，2023，(11)：110-119.［14］张旭奇，刘文钰．生物菌肥作用机制研究进展［J］．现代农业科技，2023(23)：163-165，169．［15］鲍士旦．土壤农化分析［M］.3版．北京：中国农业出版社，2000.［16］关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法［M］.北京：农业出版社，1986.［17］范雅琦，王亚南，霍瑞轩，等．麦玉复种连作田土壤性状及周年产量对耕作与施肥的响应［J］．华北农学报，2023，38(5)：102-111.［18］贾胜男．长期施肥对土壤化学性状的影响研究［D］．南京：南京信息工程大学，2023.［19］杨凯，杜延全，张西兴,等.有机物料与化肥配施提升土壤肥力、养分利用和玉米产量研究［J/OL］．中国土壤与肥料,（2023-11-28）［2024-02-07］.http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.5498.S.20231128.1529.004.html.［20］孙德龙，王莹，周珺，等．长期施用有机肥对设施番茄土壤有效磷含量及磷素淋失风险的影响［J］．中国生态农业学报(中英文)，2023，31(11)：1792-1803.［21］任嘉欣，黎昊，兰翔伟，等．覆盖作物多样性对橘园土壤理化性质的影响及综合评价［J］．中国草地学报，2023，45(9)：98-106.［22］史雅楠．不同菌肥对风电基地退化草地土壤改良作用的研究［J］．山西林业科技，2023，52(3)：26-28，34.［23］郑甜，史晓婧，康凌云，等．有机肥施用对农田土壤氮素累积和淋失的整合分析［J］．天津农业科学，2023，29(8)：77-84.［24］ACOSTA-MARTINEZ V，MOORE-KUCERA J，COTTON J，et al．Soil enzyme activities during the 2011 texas record drought/heat wave and implications to biogeochemical cycling and organic matter dynamics［J］．Applied Soil Ecology，2014，75：43-51.［25］BADIANE N N Y，CHOTTE J L，PATE E，et al．Use of soil enzyme activities to monitor soil quality in natural and improved fallows in semi-arid tropical regions［J］．Applied Soil Ecology，2001，18(3)：229-238.［26］STAUNTON S，RAZZOUK R，ABADIE J，et al．Water-extractable soil organic matter inhibits phosphatase activity［J］．Soil Biology and Biochemistry，2012，55：14-16.［27］杨丽梅，周昀璠，徐胜涛，等．不同植物覆盖下蕉园土壤化学性质和酶活性的变化特征［J］.西南农业学报，2024，37(1)：163-171.［28］刘强，李苗苗，何亚兰，等．黄土丘陵区不同施肥措施对土壤肥力及土壤酶活性的影响［J］．北方园艺，2023(21)：78-85.
相似文献/References:
[1]杜洪业,田华林,徐 润,等.黔南州核桃优树叶片营养元素和土壤性质相关分析[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):156.
DU Hong-ye,TIAN Hua-lin,XU Run,et al.Correlation Analysis Between Leaf Nutrient of Superior Juglans sigillata and Soil Property in Qiannan State[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(18):156.
[2]李文凤,房翠翠,牛玉昊,等.高原地区不同农作物土壤酶活性与土壤养分关系研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):159.
LI Wen-feng,FANG Cui-cui,NIU Yu-hao,et al.The Feature of Soil Enzyme Activities With Different Crops and Soil Nutrient in the Plateau Region[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(18):159.
[3]韩翔,李英丽,刘水林,等.不同覆盖物对盆栽梨树土壤理化性状的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(05):6.
Effect of Different Mulching Materials on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Potted Pear Trees.Effect of Different Mulching Materials on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Potted Pear Trees[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(18):6.
[4]袁启凤,陈守一,江 婷,等.有机氮甘氨酸对牛肉红朱橘苗根际土壤养分的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(08):156.
YUAN Qi-feng,CHEN Shou-yi,JIANG Ting,et al.Effect of Different Concentration of Organic Nitrogen Glycine on Rhizosphere Soil Nutrient of C.Reticulata Seedling[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(18):156.
[5]李 华,王 英,马雪峰,等.宁夏灵武长枣示范园区土壤养分调查与分析[J].北方园艺,2013,37(17):178.
LI Hua,WANG Ying,MA Xue-feng,et al.Investigation and Analysis of Soil Nutrient in Lingwuchangzao Demonstration Garden in Ningxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(18):178.
[6]朱华,谢锋,李振志,等.土壤因子与金槐槐米有效成分含量的相关性分析[J].北方园艺,2013,37(15):173.
ZHU Hua,XIE Feng,LI Zhen-zhi,et al.Correlation Analysis on Soil Factor and Active Components of Flos sophorae[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(18):173.
[7]吴正超,刘小虎,高晓宁,等.沈阳东陵树莓种植区土壤养分状况调查与分析[J].北方园艺,2013,37(15):176.
WU Zheng-chao,LIU Xiao-hu,GAO Xiao-ning,et al.Investigation and Analysis of Soil Nutrient in the Raspberry Planting Area in Dongling District of Shenyang[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(18):176.
[8]刘方,冯仕江,张雷一,等.生物质炭对喀斯特山区连作蔬菜地土壤有效养分及水分的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(07):158.
LIU Fang,FENG Shi-jiang,ZHANG Lei-yi,et al.Influence of Applying Biochar on Soil Available Nutrients and Soil Moisture at Continuous Vegetation Plantations of Karst Hilly Areas[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(18):158.
[9]张翠翠,张少伟,常介田.葡萄园行间生草对土壤养分及微生物的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(03):181.
ZHANG Cui-cui,ZHANG Shao-wei,CHANG Jie-tian.Effect of Green Covering on Soil Nutrient and Microorganism of Vineyard[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(18):181.
[10]王玲玲,戴全厚.贵州威宁草海沙河小流域土壤养分分布特征研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(07):181.
WANG Ling-ling,DAI Quan-hou.Distribution Characteristics of Soil Nutrient in Shahe Small Watershed of Guizhou Weining Caohai[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(18):181.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：郭松超(1997-)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为果树栽培与生理。E-mail:1412622003@qq.com.责任作者：包建平(1977-)，女，博士，教授，现主要从事果树栽培与生理等研究工作。E-mail:baobao-xinjiang@126.com.基金项目：第一师阿拉尔市科技计划资助项目（2022NY03）。收稿日期：2024-01-03