LIU Ying,SUN Wensong,LI Xu,et al.Effects of Different Organic Water Soluble Fertilizers on Growth and Soil Microbial Community Structure of Ginseng[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(9):78-85.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20233780]
不同有机水溶肥对人参生长及土壤微生物群落结构的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Organic Water Soluble Fertilizers on Growth and Soil Microbial Community Structure of Ginseng
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2024)09-0078-08
- 分类号:
- S 567.51
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以五年生人参为试材，采用完全随机区组设计，设置F12水溶肥、福田水溶肥（FT）、人参专用水溶肥（RSZY）各150 kg·hm-2，3种施肥处理，研究不同有机水溶肥对人参生长及土壤微生境的影响，以期为人参适宜肥料筛选和优质生产提供参考依据。结果表明：与对照相比，人参专用水溶肥和F12提高了人参的茎粗、叶长、叶宽、叶柄长、主根粗、根鲜质量、皂苷含量（Re、Rb1），福田处理人参长势及品质则无显著差异，其中人参专用肥和F12处理根质量分别为44.81 g和48.09 g，差异不显著；Re含量分别为16.15、16.72 mg·g-1，差异不显著；Rb1含量分别为33.37、27.59 mg·g-1，差异显著。在土壤微生物方面，与对照相比，F12、福田水溶肥、人参专用水溶肥分别降低了变形菌门（Proteobacteria）相对丰度15.3%、6.07%、11.24%，提高了酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）相对丰度30.35%、12.42%、19.41%；在真菌群落中，F12和福田水溶肥分别降低了子囊菌门（Ascomycota）相对丰度20.13%、5.87%，人参专用水溶肥提高了子囊菌门相对丰度2.82%，3种水溶肥均提高了土壤担子菌门（Basidiomycota）相对丰度78.31%、67.85%、36.83%。人参专用水溶肥有助于增加株高、叶长、主根粗，且提高了Re和Rb1含量，3种有机肥改变了土壤细菌和真菌的群落多样性和结构，呈现出细菌多样性增加，真菌多样性降低，在一定程度上改善了根际微生物环境，为有机肥的推广奠定了基础。
- Abstract:
- Taking 5-year-old ginseng as the test material,a completely randomized group design was used,and 150 kg·hm-2 of each F12,Futian(FT),special fertilizers for ginseng(RSZY) of 3 organic water soluble fertilizers were set up.The effects of organic fertilizers on ginseng growth and soil microbial environment were studied to screen the suitable fertilizer and provide reference for quality production.The results showed that RSZY and F12 increased the stem diameter,leaf length,leaf width,petiole length,taproot diameter,root fresh weight,and quality (Re,Rb1) of ginseng compared with control.While there was no significant difference in the growth and quality of ginseng between FT and control.The root weight with no significant was 44.81 g and 48.09 g,and Re with no significant difference was 16.15 mg·g-1 and 16.72 mg·g-1,while Rb1 with significant difference was 33.37 mg·g-1 and 27.59 mg·g-1 in RSZY and F12,respectively.In soil microorganisms,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased 15.3%,6.07% and 11.24%,and the relative abundance of Acidobacteria increased 30.35%,12.42% and 19.41% in F12,FT and RSZY,respectively.In fungal community,the relative abundance of Ascomycota decreased by 20.13% and 5.87% in F12 and FT,respectively,while increased by 2.82% in RSZY.The relative abundances of Basidiomycota increased by 78.31%,67.85% and 36.83% in F12,FT and RSZY,respectively.RSZY was conducive to increase plant height,leaf length,and taproot diameter,especially enhance Re and Rb1.The community diversity and structure of soil bacteria and fungi were changed by three organic fertilizers,exhibiting bacterial diversity increased and fungal diversity decreased,and the microbial environment of soil was improved in a certain extent,which laid a foundation for the promotion of biological organic fertilizer.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：刘莹（1986-），女，博士，副研究员，现主要从事中药材育种与栽培等研究工作。E-mail：357237261@qq.com.责任作者：孙文松（1973-），男，硕士，研究员，现主要从事中药材种质收集保护与品种选育及标准化栽培等研究工作。E-mail：sunwensong12@126.com.基金项目：辽宁省应用基础研究计划资助项目（2022JH2/101300284）；国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目；辽宁省民生科技联合计划资助项目（2021JH2/10200044）；辽宁省创新平台建设资助项目（2021JH13/10200007）。收稿日期：2023-11-03