ZENG Yanxin,ZONG Kai,GONG Haonan,et al.Effects of Multi-Center Stem Canopy on Light Energy Utilization of Apple[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(6):33-43.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20233096]
多中心干树形对苹果光能利用的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Multi-Center Stem Canopy on Light Energy Utilization of Apple
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2024)06-0033-11
- Keywords:
- apple; multi-center stem canopy; light energy utilization
- 分类号:
- S 661.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以三年生“维纳斯黄金/M9”苹果树为试材，采用多中心干形与自由纺锤形2种整形修剪的方法，研究了2种树形对苹果树体光能利用的影响，以期为我国苹果的生产提供参考依据。结果表明：2种树形在消光系数并无明显差异；多中心干形提高了0～100 cm高度光合有效辐射下叶幕整体的光能截留量，但透光率低于自由纺锤形；多中心干形的光谱吸收优于自由纺锤形；多中心干形提高了生长季节上与下部叶片光合速率，且光合速率季节变化更稳定；多中心干形不同类型枝条群体光合日变化均优于自由纺锤形，单枝光合总量也提高。综上所述，“维纳斯黄金/M9”采用多中心干形，可以显著提升整株树的光合性能与光能截留量，促进树体生长。
- Abstract:
- Three-year-old ‘Venus Gold/M9’ was used as the test material，the effects of multi-center stem canopy and free spindle canopy on the utilization of light energy in apple trees were studied by using two pruning methods,multi-center stem canopy and free spindle canopy,in order to provide reference for apple production in China.The results showed that there was no significant difference in extinction coefficient between the two tree shapes；the multi-center stem shape increased the overall light energy interception of the leaf canopy under photosynthetic effective radiation at a height of 0-100 cm，but the transmittance was lower than that of the free spindle tree；the spectral absorption of multi-center stem was better than that of free spindle shape.The multi-center stem shape increased the photosynthetic rate of the upper and lower leaves during the growth season，and the seasonal variation of photosynthetic rate was more stable.The diurnal variation of photosynthesis in different types of branches with multi-center stem shapes was better than that of free spindle shapes，and the total photosynthesis of single branches also increased.In summary,‘Venus Gold/M9’ adopts a multi-center stem shape，which could significantly improve the photosynthetic performance and light energy interception of the entire tree，promoting tree growth.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：曾艳鑫（2000-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为果树栽培生理。E-mail：zengyanxin0916@163.com.责任作者：高文胜（1971-），男，博士，研究员，现主要从事果树栽培与生理、植物营养的研究与技术推广等工作。E-mail：gaowensheng@shandong.cn.基金项目：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-27)；山东省重点研发计划资助项目(2022TZXD008-02)；泰山产业领军人才资助项目(LJNY202026)。收稿日期：2023-09-07