LI Huibin,KANG Jiwei,WANG Yanfang,et al.Distribution of Mineral Nutrients in Different Organs and Tissues of Y-1 Interstock Apple[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(1):31-37.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20231410]
Y-1中间砧苹果地上部不同器官与组织矿质营养分配
- Title:
- Distribution of Mineral Nutrients in Different Organs and Tissues of Y-1 Interstock Apple
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2024)01-0031-07
- Keywords:
- Y-1 interstock; dwarf apple; mineral nutrient; nutrient distribution
- 分类号:
- S 661.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以Y-1中间砧的‘烟富3号’为试材,对树体地上部枝条和果实不同器官与组织矿质元素进行测定,研究了不同器官与组织矿质营养的分配特性,以期为苹果周年生产科学施肥提供参考依据。结果表明:N、P、Mg在种子中分配占比最高,果实中占比最少;K元素含量在各器官与组织中分配差异较小,相对其他元素其在果实中积累最高;Ca元素在叶片中分配占比最高。种子中N、P、K、Mg在花后90 d时积累达到最高后处于较高水平且变化平缓;果皮中Mg元素含量分配显著高于果心和果肉;P、K、Mg元素在韧皮部中含量变化较为活跃,在花后90 d韧皮部中P、K、Mg分配均显著升高。综上可知,Y-1中间砧矮化苹果施肥管理应注重秋后基肥或花后追施N、P、Mg,果实膨大期补施K肥,在花后及果实膨大期补充Ca肥。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Yanfu No.3’ with Y-1 interstock as the test material,the mineral elements in different organs and tissues of the shoots and fruits of the tree were determined,and the distribution characteristics of mineral nutrients in different organs and tissues were studied,in order to provide reference for scientific fertilization of apple annual production.The results showed that N,P and Mg had the highest proportion in seeds and the least proportion in fruits.The distribution difference of K content in different organs and tissues was small,and its accumulation in fruit was the highest compared with other elements.Ca element has the highest distribution proportion in leaves.The accumulation of N,P,K and Mg in seeds reached the highest level at 90 days after flowering,and then remained at a high level and changed gently.The distribution of Mg content in peel was significantly higher than that in core and pulp.The content of P,K and Mg in phloem changed more actively,and the distribution of P,K and Mg in phloem increased significantly at 90 days after flowering.Conclusion,fertilization management of dwarf apple on Y-1 interstock should pay attention to basal fertilizer after autumn or topdressing N,P and Mg after anthesis,supplement K fertilizer during fruit expansion period,and supplement Ca fertilizer after anthesis and fruit expansion period.
参考文献/References:
[1]沙广利,郝玉金,万述伟,等.苹果砧木种类及应用进展[J].落叶果树,2015,47(3):2-6.[2]马宝焜,徐继忠,孙建设.关于我国苹果矮砧密植栽培的思考[J].果树学报,2010,27(1):105-109.[3]陈东凯,骆汉,吕佼容,等.渭北旱塬矮砧密植苹果园土壤矿质氮积累与空间分布特征[J].应用生态学报,2022,33(1):97-103.[4]张蕊芬,万述伟,葛红娟,等.砧木对苹果接穗果实影响研究进展[J].山东农业科学,2018,50(10):151-155.[5]蔡华成,王骞,高敬东,等.4种Y系中间砧对2个苹果品种开花结果的影响[J].中国果树,2022(1):15-18,23.[6]何平,李林光,王海波,等.5个矮化中间砧对‘沂水红’富士苹果生长、结果和叶片矿质元素积累的影响[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(4):750-757.[7]赵林,张梅,樊继德,等.不同矮化砧对苹果烟富3新稍生长、矿质元素及光合特性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(23):135-137.[8]FALLAHI E,SIMONS B R.Interrelations among leaf and fruit mineral nutrients and fruit quality in ‘Delicious’ apples[J].Journal of Tree Fruit Production,1996,1(1):15-25.[9]孟月娥,张绍铃,杨庆山,等.短枝型苹果树主要营养元素含量的季节性变化[J].果树科学,1994(3):166-168.[10]周江涛,赵德英,程存刚.镉对“华硕”苹果生长和矿质元素含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2021(6):23-28.[11]袁继存,赵德英,程存刚,等.6种矮化中间砧的华红苹果不同部位矿质元素的比较[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(11):239-241.[12]王有年,于宝琨,欧阳永樱,等.矮化中间砧红星苹果树叶片内矿质营养元素含量动态的研究[J].山西农业大学学报,1992(1):46-50,92.[13]郭春苗,杨波,木巴热克·阿尤普,等.扁桃休眠期前后结果枝内矿质营养的变化及其对坐果的影响[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(8):1184-1191.[14]张艳珍,赵德英,周江涛,等.不同中间砧‘寒富’苹果钙素动态及果实品质比较分析[J].中国果树,2021(3):51-55,62.[15]樊红柱,同延安,吕世华.苹果树体不同器官元素含量与累积量季节性变化研究[J].西南农业学报,2007(6):1202-1206.[16]张凌云,张大鹏.光合同化物韧皮部卸载途径和机制[J].植物生理学通讯,2003(4):399-403.[17]郑伟尉,陈锋,徐月华,等.富士苹果施钙肥效应[J].果树学报,2007(1):6-10.[18]周卫,李书田,林葆,等.喷钙对苹果果实生理特性的影响[J].土壤肥料,2000(6):25-28.[19]IWANE A.Variation in mineral components of different parts of apple fruit during development (studies on mineral components of apples part V)[J].Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi,2000,47(4):317-326.[20]PINHEIRO R C,BALLESTEROS L F,CERQUEIRA M A,et al.Peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth.) and mammee apple (Mammea americana L.) seeds:Properties and potential of application in industry[J].Lwt-food Science and Technology,2022,170:114089.[21]彭抒昂,岩堀修一.梨果实发育中Ca2+在果肉细胞的定位及变化研究[J].园艺学报,2001,28(6):497-503.[22]武英霞,唐志鹏,钟川.芒果果实钙素营养与果实生理病害[J].广西热带农业,2004(2):43-45.
相似文献/References:
[1]于 遒 功,刘 学 才,宫 明 波,等.矮化苹果不同栽植密度方式及整形模式[J].北方园艺,2000,24(01):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200001018]
[J].Northern Horticulture,2000,24(1):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200001018]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介:李汇斌(1996-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为栽培生理与品质调控。E-mail:1064585523@qq.com.责任作者:郝燕燕(1972-),女,博士,教授,现主要从事果树生理与栽培等研究工作。E-mail:yanyanhao123@163.com.基金项目:山西水利科学技术研究与推广资助项目(2022GM045)。收稿日期:2023-04-24