HUA Xiaozan,CHENG Bin,ZHAO Ruifen,et al.Evaluation of Soil Fertility in Main Peach Production Areas ofShanxi Province Based on Principal Component Analysis[J].Northern Horticulture,2023,(05):77-84.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20222599]
基于主成分分析的山西省油桃主产区土壤肥力评价
- Title:
- Evaluation of Soil Fertility in Main Peach Production Areas ofShanxi Province Based on Principal Component Analysis
- Keywords:
- peach main producting area; comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrients; principal component analysis; cluster analysis
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以运城油桃主产区6个县域122个土壤样品为试材，采用主成分分析和系统聚类法，通过测定有机质、有效磷、速效钾等11个肥力指标对土壤肥力进行综合评价和分类，以期为油桃种植区土壤养分管理和施肥决策提供参考依据。结果表明：1）研究区有机质和全氮总体缺乏，速效钾、有效铜、交换性钙和交换性镁较丰富，有少部分土壤缺磷、铁、锰和锌。2）主成分分析表明5个主成分的贡献率为77.961%，其中第1主成分以有效锰、有效铁和有效磷贡献大；第2主成分以有机质和全氮贡献大。3）根据土壤养分综合得分可划分为高、中、低3个肥力水平，占比分别为13.1%、39.3%和47.5%。不同种植区土壤综合肥力依次为永济市>盐湖区>新绛县>夏县>万荣县>临猗县。综上，运城市油桃园土壤肥力属于中低水平，土壤有效磷、有效锰、有效铁、有机质和全氮是影响土壤综合肥力高低的主要因素；管理中需增施有机肥，配合施用氮磷肥和微量元素肥料，培肥土壤。
- Abstract:
- Taking 122 soil samples from six counties in the main peach producing area of Yuncheng as test materials,11 nutrient indexes such as organic matter,available phosphorus and available potassium were determined.The nutrient status was diagnosed,and principal component analysis and systematic cluster analysis were used to evaluate and classify soil fertility,in order to provide reference for soil nutrient management and fertilization decision-making in nectarine growing areas.The results indicated that,1) soil organic matter and total nitrogen were generally lacking in peach planting area,and available potassium,available copper,exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium were abundant,while available phosphorus,iron,manganese and zinc were deficient in a few of the soil samples.2) Principal component analysis was used to extract 11 soil fertility indexes into 5 principal components,which could reflect 77.961% of all soil information in the study area.The first principal component was available manganese,available iron and available phosphorus,the second principal component was organic matter and total nitrogen.3) The soil fertility level was divided into three categories,namely high,middle and low levels,and the percentages of each level in total samples were 13.1%,39.3% and 47.5% respectively.The order of soil comprehensive fertility in different planting areas was Yongji>Yanhu District>Xinjiang County>Xia County>Wanrong County>Linyi County.To sum up,soil fertility of nectarine orchard in Yuncheng was at the middle and low level,and soil available phosphorus,available manganese,available iron,organic matter and total nitrogen were the main factors affecting soil fertility.In management,it was necessary to increase the application of organic fertilizer,nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and trace element fertilizer to fertilize the soil.
参考文献/References:
[1]王志强,宗学普,刘淑娥,等.我国油桃生产发展现状及其对策[J].柑桔与亚热带果树信息,2001,3(17):3-5.[2]周媛媛,张苗,佟丙辛,等.冀中地区桃树养分投入,土壤养分状况及其与产量的关系[J].土壤通报,2019,3(50):683-690.[3]宋建伟,郭雪峰,高启明,等.不同施肥方法对春雷桃生长及果实品质的影响[J].河北果树,2000(1):9-10.[4]JIA H,HIRANO K,OKAMOTO G.Effects of fertilizer levels on tree growth and fruit quality of ‘Hakuho’ peaches (Prunus persica)[J].Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science,2008,68(3):487-493.[5]戴余波,张丽萍,李国明,等.热带作物耕地土壤养分分析及肥力评价[J].现代农业科技,2017(18):155-157.[6]张亚鸽,史彦江,吴正保,等.基于主成分分析的枣园土壤肥力综合评价[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(5):1156-1160.[7]耿荣,王明国,尹学红,等.基于主成分分析法的中宁县农田土壤肥力评价[J].农业科学研究,2021,42(1):1-7.[8]陈玉芹,胡永亮,张丽萍,等.基于主成分和聚类分析的德宏橡胶林土壤肥力评价[J].热带作物学报,2019,40(8):1461-1467.[9]黄安,杨联安,杜挺,等.基于主成分分析的土壤养分综合评价[J].干旱区研究,2014,5(31):819-825.[10]郭瑞,李静怡,郑险峰,等.大荔枣园土壤养分空间分布及土壤肥力综合评价[J].西北林学院学报,2021,36(3):121-127.[11]吴海燕,金荣德,范作伟,等.基于主成分和聚类分析的黑土肥力质量评价[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2018,24(2):325-334.[12]张君,蔡德宝,杨树琼,等.基于主成分和聚类分析的丹江口水源区农田土壤肥力质量评价-以淅川县为例[J].河南农业科学,2021,50(4):79-87.[13]赵瑞芬,程滨,滑小赞,等.基于主成分分析的山西省核桃主产区土壤肥力评价[J].山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）,2020,40(6):61-68.[14]鲍士丹.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.[15]吴天山.微量元素在植物生长中的作用[J].新疆化工,2003(3):46-47.[16]唐贤惠,郭澎涛,罗微,等.基于主成分分析的海南橡胶园土壤化学肥力的评价[J].热带生物学报,2021,13(1):36-41.[17]刘家雄,汤珧华.基于主成分分析的古树土壤肥力等级评价[J].安徽农业科学,2018,3(46):106-107.[18]戴余波,张丽萍,李国明,等.热带作物耕地土壤养分分析及肥力评价[J].现代农业科技,2017(18):155-157.[19]刘洪鹄,赵玉明,王秀颖,等.土壤肥力评价方法探讨[J].长江科学院院报,2008,25(3):62-66.[20]许仙菊,马洪波,陈杰,等.基于养分丰缺诊断和主成分分析相结合的桑园土壤肥力评价[J].土壤,2013,45(3):470-476.[21]周飞,韩红煊,陈余平,等.主成分分析法在耕地地力评价中的应用[J].浙江农业科学,2020,61(1):170-172.[22]马光跃,卢桂宾,陈红玉,等.临猗县冬枣园土壤肥力综合评价[J].北方园艺,2021(20):90-96.[23]王栋,周媛媛,郭路航,等.冀中地区桃树优质高产的叶片氮磷钾临界值范围及化肥投入量[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2022,28(2):269-278.[24]BRASCHI I,CIAVATTA C,GIOVANNINI C,et al.Combined effect of water and organic matter on phosphorus availability in calcareous soils[J].Nutrient Cyling in Agro Ecosystems,2003,1(67):67-74.[25]汤璐,汤英.中、微量元素对主要农产品品质的影响综述[J].安徽农学通报,2008(19):61-63.[26]张莉,任媛媛,张岁岐.锌缺乏对植物生长发育的影响[J].现代农业研究,2020,5(26):54-55.[27]岳亚康,金朝阳,张铭,等.不同氮钙水平对设施桃果实品质的影响[J].中国果树,2021(4):55-58.[28]于会丽,司鹏,邵微,等.喷施钙肥对桃钙养分吸收和品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2017,22(33):63-67.[29]何平,李林光,王海波,等.叶面喷施钾镁钙肥对桃果实着色、品质及着色相关基因表达的影响[J].山东农业科学,2018,10(50):89-94.[30]包梓依.不同磷、钾配方水溶肥对桃生长与果实品质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2021.[31]郑继成,白红,石佩,等.不同施钾方式对桃树营养及果实产量和品质的影响[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(5):699-706.[32]杨颖,火建福.不同施钾量对油桃果实品质的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(26):84-85.[33]涂美艳,江国良,杜晋城,等.钾素营养对油桃采果期树体营养状况的影响[J].北方园艺,2009(12):29-33.[34]李明泽.喷施钾、钙及NAA对桃叶片及果实性状的影响[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2009.[35]袁嘉伟,张健,薛琴琴,等.运城市苹果主产区丰产果园土壤养分状况分析[J].山西农业科学,2019,47(6):1034-1039.[36]冯新新,刘慧芳,杨恩欢,等.运城市盐湖区桃园施肥现状与减肥空间分析[J].山西农业科学,2020,48(11):1824-1828.
相似文献/References:
[1]林帅,闫伟,贾学文,等.毛乌素沙地不同林型下土壤肥力综合评价[J].北方园艺,2019,43(15):91.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20184305]
LIN Shuai,YAN Wei,JIA Xuewen,et al.Comprehensive Evaluate of Soil Fertility of Different Forests in MU Us Sandy Land[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(05):91.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20184305]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：滑小赞（1982-），女，硕士，副研究员，现主要从事土壤重金属污染修复的基础和应用等研究工作。E-mail：huaxiaozan520@163.com.责任作者：程滨（1963-），女，本科，研究员，现主要从事植物营养与土壤污染修复等研究工作。E-mail:1875501@qq.com.基金项目：山西省青年科技研究基金资助项目（201601D202071）；山西省农业科学院农业科技创新研究资助项目（YCX2020305）；山西省果树产业技术体系资助项目（SXFRY-2022）。收稿日期：2022-06-23