GUO Runze,YANG Yang,FU Xin,et al.Effects of Different Straws on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activities of Cucumber[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(17):79-85.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20220584]
不同秸秆对黄瓜、土壤性状及酶活性的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Straws on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Enzyme Activities of Cucumber
- Keywords:
- potted cucumber; quality; soil enzyme activity; crop straw
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以黄瓜“硕源先锋517”为试材，采用盆栽试验和室内分析方法，研究了在农民习惯施氮肥减氮20%基础上施加3种不同作物秸秆，对土壤理化性状、土壤酶活性、黄瓜品质和干物质积累等的影响，以期为探明作物秸秆对黄瓜生长机制提供参考依据。结果表明：减氮20% 配施秸秆土壤速效钾、有机质、全氮、全钾、全磷分别显著提高28.40%~63.53%、8.81%~22.48%、5.38%~48.04%、0.51%~10.05%、13.94%~93.89%，电导率下降9.24%~61.12%；土壤脲酶、纤维素酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶活性分别提高4.07%~78.33%、1.66%~161.26%、0.30%~14.56%、2.22%~101.56%；果实维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量分别提高11.78%~70.76%、33.07%~105.42%、7.76%~129.03%，硝酸盐降低3.91%~34.36%。不同作物秸秆处理茎、叶、瓜干物质积累量均有效提高，其中施加大豆秸秆（N2S）提升干物质积累量最高。综合分析以减氮20%配施秸秆可改善土壤性状和酶活性，提高黄瓜果实品质与养分积累，是值得推荐的合理施氮方式。
- Abstract:
- Taking cucumber ‘Pioneer Source to recognize 517’ as material,pot experiment and laboratory analysis method were used,the effects of the farming practices in nitrogen decreased nitrogen 20%,on the basis of applying three different crop straw to soil physical and chemical properties,soil enzyme activity and quality of cucumber and dry matter accumulation were studied,in order to provide reference for the growth of cucumber crop straw.The results showed that the available potassium,organic matter,total nitrogen,total potassium and total phosphorus were significantly increased by 28.40%-63.53%,8.81%-22.48%,5.38%-48.04%,0.51%-10.05%,13.94%-93.89%,respectively,and the electrical conductivity was decreased by 9.24%-61.12%.The activities of urease,cellulase,catalase,and alkaline phosphatase in soil increased by 4.07%-78.33%,1.66%-161.26%,0.30%-14.56%,2.22%-101.56% in 20% reduction combined with straw application.Vitamin C,soluble sugar and soluble protein increased by 11.78%-70.76%,33.07%-105.42% and 7.76%-129.03%,respectively,and nitrate decreased by 3.91%-34.36%.The dry matter accumulation of stem,leaf and melon of different crop straws was effectively increased,and soybean straws (N2S) was the highest.Based on the comprehensive analysis,20% nitrogen reduction combined with straw application could improve soil properties and enzyme activities,improve fruit quality and nutrient accumulation of cucumber,which was a recommended rational nitrogen application method.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：郭润泽（1997-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为土壤生态修复与改良。E-mail:344708618@qq.com.责任作者：彭正萍（1974-），女，博士，教授，现主要从事植物营养与生态环境等研究工作。E-mail:pengzhengping@sina.com.基金项目：河北省重点研发计划资助项目（19226912D）。收稿日期：2022-02-20