LI Pengxuan,YANG Yongchong,WANG Tao,et al.Land Use Changes and Its Impact on Ecological Environment Quality in Xinjiang[J].Northern Horticulture,2022,(08):67-75.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20214266]
新疆地区土地利用变化及其对生态环境质量的影响
- Title:
- Land Use Changes and Its Impact on Ecological Environment Quality in Xinjiang
- 关键词:
- 耕地变化; 遥感生态指数; 生态环境质量; MODIS遥感数据产品; 新疆
- Keywords:
- farmland change; remote sensing based ecological index; ecological environment quality; MODIS remote sensing data product; Xinjiang
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以新疆地区2000—2020年MODIS地表温度、地表反射、植被指数遥感数据产品与2000、2005、2010、2020年土地利用数据为基础，采用Google Earth Engine（GEE）遥感云平台和遥感生态指数（RSEI）模型方法，研究了2000—2020年人类活动对新疆地区生态环境质量的影响，以期为协调我国西北干旱区人类活动与生态环境保护提供参考依据。结果表明：2000—2020年新疆地区土地以未利用地、草地为主，分别占区域总面积的59.32%、28.81%。研究时段内耕地面积增量最大，达3.09万km2；建设用地面积增幅最大，达118.18%。2000—2020年新疆地区生态环境质量整体偏低并呈微弱下降趋势，可分为2000—2010年快速下降阶段和2010—2020年的缓慢上升阶段，主要原因与前一时段林地和水体大面积转为耕地有关。新疆地区生态环境质量提升区域主要分布在天山北坡经济带，下降区主要分布在塔克拉玛干沙漠南部、准噶尔盆地与新疆东部。新疆地区土地利用变化对生态环境质量影响显著，主要表现为耕地面积增加促使生态环境质量提升，而未利用地和建设用地增加，导致生态环境质量下降。综上所述，新疆地区耕地增加能够有力促进生态环境质量提升，但应选择未利用地进行耕地开发，严格限制占用水体、林地的耕地开发行为。
- Abstract:
- On the basis of the remote sensing data products of MODIS surface temperature,surface reflection,vegetation index during 2000—2020 and land use data in 2000,2005,2010 and 2020 in Xinjiang area,as well as Google Earth Engine (GEE) remote sensing cloud platform and remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) model,the change process of land use and the ecological environment quality reflected by RSEI and the impact of land use changes on the ecological environment quality were analyzed,in order to provide a reference for coordinating human activities and ecological environmental protection in the arid regions of Northwest China.The results showed that from 2000 to 2020,the land use in Xinjiang was mainly unused land and grassland,accounting for 59.32% and 28.81% of the total area,respectively.During the study period,the increment of cultivated land area was the largest,reaching 3.09×104 km2;the largest increase in construction land area was 118.18%.The overall quality of ecological environment in Xinjiang in 2000—2020 was low and showed a weak downward trend,which could be divided into rapid decline stage in 2000—2010 and slowed rise stage in 2010—2020,mainly due to the large area of forest land and water converted to cultivated land in the previous period.The improvement area of ecological environment quality in Xinjiang was mainly distributed in the economic belt of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains,and the decline area was mainly distributed in the southern part of Taklimakan Desert,Junggar Basin and eastern Xinjiang.Land use change in Xinjiang had a significant impact on the ecological environment quality,which was mainly manifested in the increase of cultivated land area,which promoted the improvement of ecological environment quality,while the increase of unused land and construction land lead to the decline of ecological environment quality.Studies suggested that the increase of cultivated land in Xinjiang could effectively promote the improvement of ecological environment quality,but the unused land should be selected for the development of cultivated land,and the development behavior of cultivated land that occupies water body and woodland should be strictly limited.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：李朋轩（1995-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为自然地理学。E-mail：371236545@qq.com.责任作者：杨永崇（1966-），男，博士，教授，现主要从事地图学与地理信息系统等研究工作。E-mail：213253901@qq.com.基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（41977059）。收稿日期：2021-10-20