CHEN Xia,SU Jun,HE Yingyun,et al.Introduction and Diagrammatization on Three Types of Pear Tree Shapes Utilized in New Zealand[J].Northern Horticulture,2020,44(09):171-175.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20193694]
新西兰梨树三种树形介绍及构建图解
- Title:
- Introduction and Diagrammatization on Three Types of Pear Tree Shapes Utilized in New Zealand
- Keywords:
- pear; tree structure; labor saving; high efficiency
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 新西兰梨栽培面积小，却在世界梨生产上占有重要地位，原因之一是对高效种植体系的构建。该研究介绍了新西兰梨园3种树形，包括多层棚架形、墙式Y形、墙式多立柱形树形的结构特点、关键构建技术，并对如何在现有基础上提高果园光拦截率提启思考，以期能对果树相关的栽培管理技术和研究工作有所启示。
- Abstract:
- The pear cultivation area in New Zealand is small while it occupies an important position in world pear industry.The high efficiency planting system had taken a crucial reason.Three types of pear tree shapes including multi-tiers cannopy,espalier Y and espalier multi-columns were involved.Cannopy structure feature and criticle building skills were detailly described.Whilst reminded the readers thinking about how to improve light intercepion based on the current situation.Aimed at supplying some inspiration for the pear growers and researchers.
参考文献/References:
[1]伍涛,张绍铃,吴俊,等.‘丰水’梨棚架与疏散分层冠层结构特点及产量品质的比较[J].园艺学报，2008，35(10):1411-1418.[2]宋勇义,赵霞,都兴政.根据梨树特性科学进行栽培管理[J].烟台果树,2013(1):30-31.[3]宫美英,张凤敏.梨树的十大特性和相应栽培对策[J].西北园艺,2004(10):17-18.[4]Plant&Food Research.New zealand horticulture.fresh facts[R].ISSN 1177-2190,2016:14.[5]Belrose,Inc.World pear review 2016[R].Pullman:Belrose,Inc.2016:89-91.[6]陈霞，熊云龙，苏俊，等.新西兰梨育种系统介绍[J].中国南方果树,2019,48(1):125-128.[7]TUSTIN D S.Future orchard planting systems：Do we need another revolution?[J].Acta Horticulturae,2014，1058:27-36.[8]杨馥霞,乔进春,张玉星,等.密植圆柱形梨盛果期树相指标及光照特性分析[J].河北农业大学学报,2013,36(3):39-44.[9]张树军,刘刚,吕志华,等.翠冠梨圆柱形树形与省力化栽培技术[J].落叶果树,2019,51(1):57-58.[10]李正之.果树矮化密植[M].上海:上海科学技术出版,1984.[11]金德镐,全相均,朴宇,等.苹果梨乔砧密植早期丰产综合技术研究[J].延边大学农学学报，1998,20(1):1-9.[12]任保刚,温桂华,徐海珍,等.乔砧密植富士苹果郁闭园节本提质树体修剪改造试验[J].河北林业科技,2012,4(2):3-5.[13]MONTEITH J L.Climate and the efficiency of crop production in Britain[M].London:Royal Soc,1977.[14]LAKSO A N.Handbook of environmental physiology of fruit crops[M].Florida:CRC Press,1994.[15]PALMER J W,WUNSCHE J N,MELAND M,et al.Annual dry matter production by three apple cultivars at four within-row spacing in New Zealand[J].Hort Sci and Biotech,2002,77:712-717.
相似文献/References:
[1]侯玉华,孙 正,张玉星.河北省果品梨流通体系的现状、问题及对策[J].北方园艺,2013,37(22):201.
HOU Yu-hua,SUN Zheng,ZHANG Yu-xing.Study on the Current Situation,Problems and Countermeasures of the Pear Circulation in Hebei Province[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(09):201.
[2]冯娟娟,刘军弟,霍学喜.世界主要落叶水果主产国生产与贸易预测分析[J].北方园艺,2014,38(04):195.
[3]张琦,白团辉,吴翠云,等.红枣直播建园不同树形产量与品质调查研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(14):18.
ZHANG Qi,BAI Tuan-hui,WU Cui-yun,et al.Investigation on Yield and Quality of Jujube in Different Tree Shapes in Direct Seeding and Orchard Construction[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(09):18.
[4]王尚堃,杜红阳.“晚秋黄”梨省力化高效丰产栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2014,38(06):59.
[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(09):59.
[5]张晓峰,韩翔,张建光.不同土壤水分含量对黄冠梨叶片光合效率和抗氧化特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(10):7.
ZHANG Xiao-feng,HAN Xiang,ZHANG Jian-guang.Effect of Different Soil Moisture Contents on Net Photosynthetic Rate and Antioxidant Abilities in Huangguan Pear Leaves[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(09):7.
[6]贾春霞,张小珍,马春晖.梨园春季晚霜冻害发生与预防技术[J].北方园艺,2013,37(11):197.
JIA Chun-xia,ZHANG Xiao-zhen,MA Chun-hui.Causes and Preventing Techniques of Frost Injury in the Pear Orchard[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(09):197.
[7]刘珠琴,舒巧云,蒋国强,等.梨人工辅助授粉时间、花朵序位及方法研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(01):35.
LIU Zhu-qin,SHU Qiao-yun,JIANG Guo-qiang,et al.Study on the Pear Assisted Pollination Time, Flowers Ordinal and Method[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(09):35.
[8]李金龙,马光恕.不同储藏方式对梨果实硬度及PPO活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(09):164.
LI Jin-long,MA Guang-shu.Effect of Different Storage Methods on the Fruit Firmness and PPO Activity of Pear[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(09):164.
[9]董晓勤,周 鹏,仇宗浩,等.两个品种绿皮梨及其红色芽变品种光合生理特性的比较[J].北方园艺,2013,37(20):1.
DONG Xiao-qin,ZHOU Peng,QIU Zong-hao,et al.Comparison of Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics of Two Varieties of Green Pears and Their Red Mutations Varieties[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(09):1.
[10]徐凌飞,李致慧,贾东峰,等.梨矮化砧木云南榅桲离体快繁研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(05):113.
XU Ling-fei,LI Zhi-hui,JIA Dong-feng,et al.Study on in vitro Propagation of Yunnan Quince as a Dwarf Rootstock of Pear[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(09):113.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：陈霞（1983-），女，硕士，副研究员，现主要从事果树育种及栽培生理等研究工作。E-mail:chenxia0835@163.com.责任作者：舒群（1963-），女，本科，研究员，现主要从事果树育种、栽培技术研究及产业化开发等研究工作。E-mail:ynhongli@126.com.基金项目：云南省科技计划资助项目(2017FG001-028)；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目（CARS-29-39）。收稿日期：2019-11-29