LI Yinfang,LI Qi.Comparative Analysis on the Different Mulching Ways and the Thermal Insulation Properties of Solar Greenhouse for Grapevine Overwintering[J].Northern Horticulture,2020,44(02):57-65.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20191541]
葡萄越冬不同覆膜方法和日光温室保温性能分析
- Title:
- Comparative Analysis on the Different Mulching Ways and the Thermal Insulation Properties of Solar Greenhouse for Grapevine Overwintering
- Keywords:
- grapevine; overwintering; bilayer mulching plastic film; single layer mulching plastic film; solar greenhouse; compensation/deficit temperature
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了明确葡萄越冬不同覆膜方法保温性能的差异，2013—2014年冬季，在新疆阜康市进行了葡萄覆膜越冬架空式双层、紧贴式双层、单层覆膜和日光温室与土埋越冬的温度逐日观测。结果表明：架空式双层的保温性最好，最低温度大于土埋的补偿温度最多，温室效应最小；寒冷期最低温度比温室高，转暖期最高温度比温室低，有利于保温和防止烧苗抽条。平均温度10 ℃的萌发日期，架空式双层比土埋提前8 d，增加了生长期，缩短了冷冻期，使得产量高，果穗大而重并且紧实。架空式双层覆膜的温室效应可以通过及时放边通风降温消除。晚冬灌、晚封边和早春灌、早放边是架空式双层覆膜的配套技术。紧贴式双层、单层覆膜因寒冷期保温性差和转暖期增温过大的温室效应而不宜采用。
- Abstract:
- In order to reduce the labor intensity of burying grapevines for overwintering,the values of daily temperature under the overhead bilayer mulching plastic film,close-bilayer mulching plastic film,single mulching plastic film,solar greenhouse and soil burial for grapevine overwintering in Fukang Xinjiang in 2013—2014 winter were measured.The results showed that,when the minimum temperature occurred,the heat preservation of overhead bilayer mulching plastic film was the best,but that of greenhouse was the worst；the minimum temperature under the overhead bilayer mulching plastic film was higher during the cold period but lower during the warm period than that in greenhouse,such situation was advantageous for heat preservation and grapevine germination.The germination date of grapevines under the overhead bilayer mulching plastic film at 10 ℃ was 8 days earlier than that of those buried with soil,thus the cooling off period was shortened,the growing season of grapevine was prolonged,and the grape yield and quality was increased.The greenhouse effect of the overhead bilayer mulching plastic film could be eliminated by lifting the sides to ventilate and reduce temperature.A complete set of techniques for the overhead bilayer mulching plastic film was to carry out the winter irrigation of grapevine and close the sides of plastic film late and to implement the spring irrigation of grapevine and lift the sides of plastic film early.The mulching ways of close-bilayer mulching plastic film and single mulching plastic film were not suitable for grapevine overwintering in the study area.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：李银芳（1950-），男，本科，研究员，现主要从事林业生态学等研究工作。E-mail:liyinf@126.com.责任作者：李奇(1965-)，男，本科，教授级高级工程师，现主要从事农业气象等研究工作。E-mail：448057001@qq.com.基金项目：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划资助项目(201454124)。收稿日期：2019-07-17