YAN Fulin,TAN Yunfei,YANG Chuanli,et al.Suitable Harvest Stage for Adenophora tetraphylla Seeds in Guizhou[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(13):135-139.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20183164]
黔产南沙参（Adenophora tetraphylla）种子适宜采收期
- Title:
- Suitable Harvest Stage for Adenophora tetraphylla Seeds in Guizhou
- Keywords:
- A.tetraphylla; harvest stage; seed quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以黔产南沙参（轮叶沙参）为试材，应用随机试验与统计学方法，对不同采收时期的南沙参种子形态、产量、千粒质量、发芽率、发芽势与生理生化指标进行测定分析，以期探明南沙参种子采收适宜期，为南沙参种子质量标准的建立、良种选育、优良种苗的培育等研究奠定基础。结果表明：花凋谢后的15～25 d，南沙参种子大小增长最为迅速，之后种子大小的增长速度减缓；花凋谢后的10～20 d，种子发芽率变化不大，25～35 d迅速升高；千粒质量从花凋谢后25～30 d较高；35 d采收果实过程中种子极容易从果实开口脱落，平均果实种子数量显著降低；南沙参种子发育过程中含水量在花凋谢后30～35 d后变化幅度较小；种子可溶性糖含量在花凋谢后10～15 d变化不大，15～20 d后迅速上升，20～35 d维持不变；南沙参种子发育过程中超氧化物歧化酶活性在花凋谢后的第30天达最高。
- Abstract:
- A.tetraphylla from Guizhou was used as the test material.By using randomized trials and statistical methods，A.tetraphylla seed morphology，yield，1 000-grain weight，germination rate，germination potential and physiological-biochemical indexes in different harvesting stage were determined and analyzed.In order to reveal the suitable harvest time for A.tetraphylla seed in Guizhou，lays the foundation for establishment of the quality standard of A.tetraphylla seed，breeding and the cultivation of seedlings.The results showed that according to the observation，the seed size of A.tetraphylla increased most rapidly 15-25 days after the flowers withered，and the growth rate of seed size slowed down afterwards.The seed germination rate did not change at 10-20 days after the flowers withered，but increased rapidly at 25-35 days.The 1 000-grain weight was higher from 25-30 days after the flower faded.In the process of harvesting fruits on 35 days，the seeds were easily shed from the fruit openings，and the average number of seeds decreased significantly.The change range of water content in the seed development of A.tetraphylla was less than 30-35 days after the flower faded.The soluble sugar content of seeds did not change much 10-15 days after the flower faded，but increased rapidly after 15-20 days，and remained almost unchanged at 20-35 days.SOD activity reached its highest at 30 days after the flowers withered.
参考文献/References:
[1]王家葵.《神农本草经》研究[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,2001.[2]贵州省药品监督管理局.贵州省中药材、民族药材质量标准[S].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2003.[3]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志(第23卷)[M].北京:科学出版社,1995:32-33.[4]国家药典委员会.中国药典2015版一、四部[S].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015.[5]江佩芬,高增平.南沙参化学成分的研究[J].中国中药杂志,1990(8):38-39,64.[6]徐谦,李振麟,赵彦敏,等.南沙参的化学成分[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2016(7):58-61.[7]徐谦.南沙参化学成分及质量评价研究[D].南京:南京中医药大学,2016.[8]孙亚捷,李新芳.南沙参多糖对小鼠的抗衰老及清除氧自由基作用研究[J].中国药师,2005(9):713-716.[9]李春红,李泱,李新芳,等.南沙参多糖抗衰老作用的实验研究[J].中国药理学通报,2002(4):452-455.[10]杨永建,梁莉,李梅,等.南沙参多糖对亚慢性辐射损伤的防护作用[J].中药药理与临床,2002(5):21-23.[11]葛明珠,赵亚莉,任少林.南沙参多糖对小鼠免疫器官辐射损伤的防护[J].中草药,1996(11):673-675.[12]梁莉,李梅,李新芳.南沙参多糖对亚慢性受照小鼠的抗突变作用研究[J].中药药理与临床,2003(3):10-11.[13]冯泽岸,马海忠,李玲,等.南沙参多糖分散片急性毒性试验及对小鼠试验性肝损伤的保护作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2012(18):247-250.[14]梁莉,乔华,王婷,等.南沙参多糖对CCl4及D-氨基半乳糖致急性肝损伤的保护作用[J].中药药理与临床,2008(4):38-40.[15]张春梅,李新芳.南沙参多糖改善化学品诱导小鼠学习记忆障碍的研究[J].中药药理与临床,2001(4):19-21.[16]全国农作物种子标准化技术委员会,全国农业技术推广服务中心,支巨振.《农作物种子检验规程》实施指南 GB/T 3543.1-3543.7-1995[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.[17]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社，2006.[18]路文静，李奕松.植物生理学实验教程[M].北京:中国林业出版社，2012.[19]KIN H K.Adenophora remotiflora protects human skin keratinocytes against UVB-induced photo-damage by regulating antioxidative activity and MMP-1 expression[J].Nutrition Research and Practice,2016,10(4):3321.[20]KYOHEI O.Coastal adaptation of Adenophora triphylla var.japonica (Campanulaceae)[J].American Journal of Plant Sciences,2013,4(3):6523.
相似文献/References:
[1]韩凤波,陈静雅.不同采收期对香椿总黄酮和总皂苷含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(02):159.
HAN Feng-bo,CHEN Jing-ya.Effect of Harvest Season on Total Saponins Content and Total Flavone Content of Toona sinensis [J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):159.
[2]姚春潮,刘占德,龙周侠.采收期对“徐香”猕猴桃果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(08):36.
YAO Chun-chao,LIU Zhan-de,LONG Zhou-xia.Effect of Harvest Time on Fruit Quality of ‘Xuxiang’ Kiwifruit[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(13):36.
[3]杨忠仁,张凤兰,郝丽珍,等.沙葱种子发育过程中生理生化变化规律[J].北方园艺,2014,38(15):5.
YANG Zhong-ren,ZHANG Feng-lan,HAO Li-zhen,et al.Dynamics of Physiology and Biochemical Characteristics of ? Allium mongolicum Regel Seed During Development[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):5.
[4]帅 欧,林 励,汪科元,等.白木香中芒果苷的时空变化规律研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(23):162.
SHUAI Ou,LIN Li,WANG Ke-yuan,et al.Study on Temporal and Spatial Variation Regularity of Mangiferin in Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.) Gilg[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(13):162.
[5]胡相云,胡敏,谭祥国,等.茎瘤芥营养生长后期瘤茎鲜重和总芥子油苷变化规律研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(24):24.
HU Xiang-yun,HU min,TAN Xiang-guo,et al.Study on Change Rule of Tumor Stem Fresh Weight and Total Glucosinolates During the Late of Vegetative Growth of Tumorous Stem Mustard[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(13):24.
[6]陈凌,贺伟强,陶昆,等.不同采收期马齿苋活性成分含量及抗氧化性的变化[J].北方园艺,2015,39(08):157.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201508041]
CHEN Ling,HE Wei-qiang,TAO Kun,et al.Changes of Antioxidant Compounds and Antioxidant Activities in Portulaca oleracea L.During Different Harvest Time[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(13):157.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201508041]
[7]唐文文,李国琴,晋小军.黄芪不同采收期有效成分含量比较[J].北方园艺,2015,39(07):138.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201507040]
TANG Wen-wen,LI Guo-qin,JIN Xiao-jun.Comparison of the Effective Components on Different Harvesting Periods of Radix astragali[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(13):138.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201507040]
[8]辛 付 存,饶 景 萍,赵 明 慧,等.1-MCP 处理对不同采收成熟度`徐香’猕猴桃保鲜效果的影响[J].北方园艺,2011,35(07):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201107051]
XIN Fu -cun,RAO Jing-ping,ZHAO Ming -hui,et al.Effects of 1 -MCP T reatment on Preservation of `Xuxiang’ Kiwifruit with Different Maturity[J].Northern Horticulture,2011,35(13):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201107051]
[9]凌建刚,朱 麟,张 平,等.不同采收期对“甬优”葡萄保鲜效果的影响[J].北方园艺,2011,35(11):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2011011050]
LING Jian-gang,ZHU Lin,ZHANG Ping,et al.Effects of Fresh-keeping on ’Yongyou’ Grapes of Different Harvest Stages During Storage[J].Northern Horticulture,2011,35(13):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2011011050]
[10]刘敏,闵卓,鞠延仑,等.全球气候变暖对葡萄和葡萄酒品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,41(04):177.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201704042]
LIU Min,MIN Zhuo,JU Yanlun,et al.Effects of Global Warming on Grape and Wine Quality[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(13):177.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201704042]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：严福林（1986-），男，硕士，讲师，现主要从事中药及民族药资源和栽培与质量控制等研究工作。E-mail：flyan00@qq.com.责任作者：魏升华（1965-），男，本科，教授，研究生导师，现主要从事中药及民族药资源和分类鉴定与质量控制等研究工作。E-mail：weishenghua6512@126.com.基金项目：国家中医药管理局资助项目(国中医药科技中药2014～117号)；贵州省教育厅资助项目（黔教合KY字[2017]179）；贵阳中医学院科研资助项目（贵中医科院内[2014]44号）；贵阳中医学院大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目（贵中医大创合字[2015]22号）；贵阳中医学院大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目（贵中医大创合字[2016]10号）；国家工程技术研究中心组建资助项目（2014FU125Q09）；贵州省教育厅：贵州中药民族药种质资源保存及评价研究中心资助项目（黔教合KY字[2017]018）；贵阳中医学院卓越中药师培养计划资助项目。收稿日期：2019-01-15