[1]张雲慧,李文胜,周文静,等.不同树龄的短枝“红富士”分层纺锤形对树冠结构、果实产量和品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2019,43(04):45-52.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20181514]
　ZHANG Yunhui,LI Wensheng,ZHOU Wenjing,et al.Canopy Structure,Fruit Yield and Quality of Layered Spinde Spur-type ‘Red Fuji’[J].Northern Horticulture,2019,43(04):45-52.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20181514]

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不同树龄的短枝“红富士”分层纺锤形对树冠结构、果实产量和品质的影响

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S] 卷: 43卷期数: 2019年04 页码: 45-52 栏目: 出版日期: 2019-02-28

Title:: Canopy Structure,Fruit Yield and Quality of Layered Spinde Spur-type ‘Red Fuji’

作者:: 张雲慧1; 李文胜1; 周文静1; 胡安鸿2; （1.新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830052；2.阿克苏地区林科所，新疆阿克苏 843000）

Author(s):: ZHANG Yunhui1; LI Wensheng1; ZHOU Wenjing1; HU Anhong2; (1.College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052；2.Research Institute of Forestry Sciences,Akesu,Xinjiang 843000)

关键词:: 短枝“红富士”; 树冠结构; 产量; 品质

Keywords:: spur-type ‘Red Fuji’; canopy structure; yield; quality

DOI:: 10.11937/bfyy.20181514

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 以4、5、7年生分层纺锤形短枝“红富士”苹果树为试材，通过分析不同树龄树体结构、枝量、冠层结构、产量和品质，研究了苹果分层纺锤形幼龄期至盛果期树冠生长动态、产量及品质，以期为短枝苹果优质栽培提供依据。结果表明：随树龄增长，树高、冠高、冠径、树冠体积、干周、覆盖率、叶面积指数（LAI）值、平均叶倾角（MTA）值、总枝量指标均表现为增加的趋势，其中7年生树高、冠高、冠径、树冠体积、干周、覆盖率均显著高于4年生和5年生。不同树龄间的枝量成倍增加，4年生总枝量116 325条?hm-2，5年生总枝量264 000条?hm-2，7年生总枝量达到735 900条?hm-2。但枝类比变化不大，短枝占比高，稳定在70%以上，是早果和丰产的关键。短枝“红富士”分层纺锤形同树龄不同冠层间果实品质差异不明显，而不同树龄间果实品质差异显著，表现为随树龄增长，产量和品质也不断提高。

Abstract:: In this study,the 4,5,7 years old layered spindle spur-type ‘Red Fuji’ apple trees were used as test materials,by analyzing architecture,branch quantity,canopy structure,fruit yield and quality of the different tree-age.The growth dynamics of canopy,fruit yield and quality of the layered spindle apple from the juvenile period to full bearing period were studied.The results showed that the tree height,canopy height,canopy diameter,canopy volume,stem circumference,coverage rate,LAI,MTA,total branch quantity increased with the growth of tree-age,of which,the tree height,canopy height,canopy diameter,canopy volume,stem circumference,coverage rate of 7 years old trees were significantly higher than that of 4 and 5 years old trees.The branch number of different ages increased by one times.The total branches of the 4,5,7 years old trees reached 116 325 branches per hectare,264 000 branches per hectare,735 900 branches per hectare.However,the ratio of different branch types did not change much,and the proportion of short branches was higher than 70%,which was the key to early fruiting and high yield.The difference of fruit quality between different canopy locations on the same tree-age was not obvious,but the difference of fruit quality between different tree-ages was significant,and the fruit yield and quality were also increased with tree-age.

参考文献/References:

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备注/Memo

第一作者简介：张雲慧（1993-），女，河北唐山人，硕士研究生，研究方向为果树栽培与生理。E-mail：519572506@ qq.com.责任作者：李文胜（1968-），男，新疆昭苏人，硕士，副教授，硕土生导师，研究方向为果树栽培与生理。E-mail：liwensheng@ tom.com.基金项目：中央财政林业科技推广示范资助项目（2016TG15）；新疆维吾尔自治区果树重点学科基金资助项目。收稿日期：2018-09-17

更新日期/Last Update: 2019-03-22