ZHANG Yi,ZHANG Hui,WANG Fengwei,et al.Pollination Biology Characteristics of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(24):43-47.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20172194]
“空心李”的授粉生物学特征
- Title:
- Pollination Biology Characteristics of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’
- Keywords:
- Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’; pollen quantity; pollen viability; stigma receptivity; pollination compatibility
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“空心李”及其授粉品种为试材，研究了“空心李”及其授粉品种的开花物候期、花粉量、花粉生活力、“空心李”柱头的可授性以及“空心李”自花和异花授粉亲和性，以期为“空心李”的丰产栽培技术提供参考依据。结果表明：“黄香槟”和“红宝石”与“空心李”花期一致；各品种每个花药花粉量变化范围为300～733粒，从高到低依次为“紫叶李”“红心李”“黄香槟”“空心李”和“红宝石”，其花粉萌发率依次为21.9%、47.2%、17.4%、13.5%、24.6%；“红宝石”“黄香槟”“紫叶李”和“红心李”经“空心李”授粉的坐果率依次为16.18%、10.34%、7.41%和7.27%，“空心李”自交授粉坐果率为12.59%，“空心李”自然授粉坐果率为6.00%；“空心李”柱头从大蕾期到开花后第5天均有授粉活性，但以大蕾期、开花当天、开花后第一天的可授性最强。综合来看，“空心李”的花粉生活力较低而花粉量中等；柱头在大蕾期至开花后前5 d具有可授性；“空心李”自交亲和性好；“红宝石”尽管花粉量不是很大，但花粉生活力较高，与“空心李”开花期一致，且与其授粉亲和性较好，可以作为“空心李”的授粉品种。
- Abstract:
- Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’ and its pollinated varieties were used as materials.The flowering phonological period,quantityes and viabilities of pollen,stigma receptivity and the self-pollination and cross-pollination compatibilityes of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’ were studied in order to provide reference for the high-yield cultivation techniques of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’.The results showed that the flowering period of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Gulf-ruby’ and Prunus domestica L.cv.‘Yellow champagne’ were consistent with that of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’.The variation range of pollen quantity among all varieties was 300-733 grains per anther,the order from high to low among all varieties was Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.cv.Atropurpurea Jacq.,Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Hongxinli’,Prunus domestica L.cv.‘Yellow champagne’,Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’ and Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Gulf-ruby’,and their pollen germination rate were 21.9%,47.2%,17.4%,13.5% and 24.6%,their fruit setting rates after pollinating Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’ were 7.41%,7.27%,10.34%,12.59% and 16.18%,respectively.The fruit setting rates of natural pollination of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’ was 6.00%.The stigma receptivity could stay 7 days from the day before flowering to the fifth day after flowering,and ones were the strongest in the day before flowering，flowering day and the day after flowering.On the whole,Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’ showed lower pollen viability,moderate pollen quantity,5 days stigma receptivity after flowering,a good self-pollination compatibility.Although the pollen quantity of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Gulf-ruby’ was low,the pollen viability was higher,the flowering period was consistent with and showed a good pollination compatibility with and could be used as a pollinated variety of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Kongxinli’.
参考文献/References:
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张义（1964-），男，硕士，副教授，现主要从事核果类果树的生理与栽培等研究工作。E-mail:zhyimail@163.com.