[1]段鹏伟,程福厚.滴灌频率和灌水量对‘黄冠’梨生长与果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,41(20):46-50.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20172184]
　DUAN Pengwei,CHENG Fuhou.Effects of Drip Irrigation Frequency and Amount on Growth and Fruit Quality of ‘Huanguan’ Pear[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(20):46-50.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20172184]
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滴灌频率和灌水量对‘黄冠’梨生长与果实品质的影响

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S] 卷: 第41卷 期数: 2017年20 页码: 46-50 栏目: 出版日期: 2017-10-30
Title:
Effects of Drip Irrigation Frequency and Amount on Growth and Fruit Quality of ‘Huanguan’ Pear
作者:
段鹏伟; 程福厚
河北工程大学 园林与生态工程学院，河北 邯郸 056001
Author(s):
DUAN Pengwei; CHENG Fuhou
College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan,Hebei 056001
关键词:
梨; 滴灌频率; 灌水量; 生长; 品质
Keywords:
pear; drip irrigation frequency; irrigation volume; growth; quality
DOI:
10.11937/bfyy.20172184
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为提高梨果产量和品质，2016年3—11月在河北工程大学现代农业示范培训基地以4年生‘黄冠’梨为试材进行田间试验，研究了滴灌模式下，灌溉频率(每隔10、20、30 d灌水一次）和灌水量(当期净蒸发量的20%、40%、60%）对梨园土壤含水量、梨树新梢生长量、叶片光合指标、果实产量与品质、吸收根分布与数量的影响。结果表明：20 d一次的滴灌频率下，梨树的土壤含水量、新梢生长量、叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、果实产量和可溶性糖含量均高于10 d一次和30 d一次的滴灌频率，其中净光合速率高出6.23%、10.45%，蒸腾速率高出15.33%、20.56%，产量高出18.76%、18.99%，可溶性糖含量高出20.70%、13.46%，差异显著。在60%净蒸发补偿灌水量处理下，梨树的土壤含水量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、单果质量均高于20%和40%净蒸发补偿灌水量，其中光合指标差异显著；产量上，40%净蒸发补偿灌水量高于其它2个处理；品质上，20%净蒸发补偿灌水量的果实可溶性糖、维生素C、可滴定酸含量高于其它2个处理，其中可溶性糖含量高出8.57%和12.92%，差异显著。综上，20 d一次为梨园最佳的滴灌频率，40%净蒸发补偿灌水量能保证较高的产量和较好的果实品质。
Abstract:
In order to improve the yield and quality of pear,the field experiment was conducted in the base of modern agriculture demonstration training of Hebei University of Engineering from March to November in 2016 with 4 years old ‘Huangguan’ pear.In the drip irrigation mode,the effects of irrigation frequency(once 10,20,30 days) and amount(20%,40%,60% net evaporation compensation irrigation) on the soil moisture content,the new shoot growth,the photosynthetic index,yield and fruit quality,the distribution and number of absorbing root were studied.The results showed that under the drip irrigation frequency of once 20 days,the soil moisture content,new shoot growth,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,yield and soluble sugar content were higher than these of once 10 or 30 days.The net photosynthetic rate of once 20 days was 6.23% higher than that of once 10 days,and 10.45% higher than that of once 30 days.The transpiration rate of once 20 days was 15.33% higher than that of once 10 days,and 20.56% higher than that of once 30 days.The yield of once 20 days was 18.76% higher than that of once 10 days,and 18.99% higher than that of once 30 days.The soluble sugar contents of once 20 days was 20.70% higher than that of once 10 days,13.46% higher than that of once 30 days,and they were significantly different.Under the 60% net evaporation compensation irrigation processing,the soil water content,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration,fruit weight were higher than these of 20% and 40% net evaporation compensation irrigation.The photosynthetic indicators were significantly different.The yield of 40% net evaporation compensation irrigation was higher than that of other treatments.In the fruit quality,the soluble sugar,vitamin C,titrable acid contents of 20% net evaporation compensation irrigation was higher than that of other treatments.The soluble sugar content of 20% net evaporation compensation irrigation was 8.57% higher than that of the 40% and 12.92% higher than that of the 60%,and the differences were significant.In summary,the best drip irrigation frequency was once 20 days.40% net evaporation compensation irrigation could ensure both yield and the quality of pear.

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备注/Memo

第一作者简介：段鹏伟(1993-），男，河北邯郸人，硕士研究生，研究方向为农业推广(园艺）。E-mail：329678681@qq.com.

责任作者：程福厚(1964-），男，河北河间人，硕士，教授，硕士生导师，现主要从事果树节水灌溉原理与技术的教学与科研等工作。E-mail：cheng-fh@163.com.
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31370459）；公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助项目(201303133）；河北省现代农业科技奖励性后补助资金资助项目(16927632H）。
收稿日期：2017-07-10

更新日期/Last Update: 2017-10-31