WU Qifei,FAN Junjun,JIANG Wenlong,et al.Seedling Growth Characteristics of 20 Ornamental Crabapple Clones[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(01):77-85.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20171364]
二十个观赏海棠无性系苗期生长特性
- Title:
- Seedling Growth Characteristics of 20 Ornamental Crabapple Clones
- Keywords:
- ornamental crabapple; growth rhythm; rapid growth period; growth
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以20个观赏海棠品种的1年生嫁接苗为试材，对其苗高和地径年生长过程进行测定，采用Logistic方程对这2个指标的生长过程进行拟合，研究了各无性系苗期的不同生长过程对相应育苗措施的要求，以期为海棠的生产实践及应用推广提供参考依据。结果表明：不同观赏海棠无性系的苗高和地径生长均符合‘S’曲线，呈现出慢-快-慢的生长节律，拟合效果十分显著（R2≥0.97），根据其生长节律可将其生长过程划分为生长前期、速生期和生长后期3个时期。20个观赏海棠品种无性系的苗高速生始期为4月21日至6月17日，速生结束期为6月16日至10月4日，速生期持续时间变幅42~138 d，速生期生长量占总生长量的平均比率为58.78%。地径速生始期为4月1日至5月19日，速生结束期为7月2日至9月28日，速生期持续时间变幅72~148 d，速生期生长量占总生长量的平均比率为59.79%。根据20个海棠无性系苗高和地径进入速生期的快慢，将其划分为前期生长型、中期生长型和后期生长型3种类型，且85%的海棠属于前期生长型和中期生长型。不同观赏海棠品种进入速生期的时间点和速生期的长短均存在明显的差异，其速生期的生长量和苗高、地径的总生长量之间呈显著正相关关系（R2分别为0.929和0.899），因此速生期的生长量是影响观赏海棠无性系当年的总生长量的主要因素，在速生期内应根据苗木的生长状况及需肥规律进行及时的水肥管理，从而保证苗木的生产质量。该研究中多数海棠品种皆属于前期生长型或中期生长型，因此在春季和夏季应及时做好水肥管理，以促进苗木在速生期内快速生长，同时也有利于延长生长期，提高生长量。
- Abstract:
- Using 20 ornamental crabapple cultivars 1-year-old grafting as test materials,the growth process of seedling height and diameter were investigated,and the Logistic equation was used to fit the growth process of seedling height and ground diameter.The aim of this study was to provide corresponding seedling raising measures according to the growth characteristics of different stages of 20 ornamental crabapple clones.The results showed that the height and diameters growth of all ornamental crabapple cultivars exhibited a ‘S’ shaped curve as ‘slow-fast-slow’ （R20.97).The growth process can be divided into three stages:initial growth stage,rapid growth period and later growth period.The starting time of the rapid growth period of height for 20 ornamental crabapple cultivars was from Apr.21th to Jun.17th,the ending time of the rapid growth period is from Jun.16th to Oct.4th.The rapid growth period was thus from 42 days to 138 days.The average height growth of rapid growth period was accounts for 58.78% of the total growth.The starting time of the rapid growth period of diameter for 20 ornamental crabapple cultivars was from Apr.1th to May.19th,the ending time of the rapid growth period was from Jul.2nd to Oct.28th.The rapid growth period was thus from 72 days to 148 days.The average diameter growth of rapid growth period was accounts for 59.79% of the total growth.According to the growth characteristics in seedling height and diameter of different cultivars,these ornamental crabapple cultivars could be divided into three types,namely,early-term growth type,medium-term growth and late-term growth type.And 85% of cultivars were belonging to the early-term growth and medium-term growth type.There were obvious differences in the time points for the starting time and period length of the rapid growth period of different ornamental crabapple cultivars.Meanwhile,there was a significant positive correlation between the growth of rapid growth period and total growth of seedling height （R2=0.929) and ground diameter （R2=0.899).Most ornamental crabapple cultivars were belonging to the early-term growth and medium-term growth type,so the water and fertilizer should be timely provided to seedling in the fast-growing period.
参考文献/References:
[1]陈恒新.山东海棠品种分类与资源利用研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2007.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：武启飞（1991-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为园林植物与观赏园艺。E-mail：540275603@qq.com.