WANG Jinfeng,WANG Lujun,LI Rui,et al.Effect of Rain Shelter Cultivation on Grape Growing in Shaanxi Guanzhong Plain[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(07):44-47.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201707010]
避雨栽培对陕西关中平原地区葡萄生长的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Rain Shelter Cultivation on Grape Growing in Shaanxi Guanzhong Plain
- Keywords:
- Shaanxi; Guanzhong region; ‘Red globe’ grape; shelter cultivation
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以晚熟鲜食葡萄品种“红地球”为试材，研究避雨栽培和露地栽培对“红地球”霜霉病、炭疽病、白腐病、灰霉病的发病率以及烂果率、果实品质、经济效益的影响，同时测定避雨栽培和露地栽培下的光照强度，并进行不同棚架材料成本和寿命分析。结果表明：避雨栽培大幅减少了施药次数和用药量，降低农药残留，提高了果实品质，减少了烂果率，从而增加了经济效益，避雨栽培比露地栽培平均每 667 m2收益高出55.8%；避雨栽培显著降低葡萄霜霉病、白腐病、炭疽病、灰霉病发生率，尤其是对霜霉病的预防效果特别显著，葡萄避雨栽培比露地栽培的霜霉病发病率降低91.4%；但避雨栽培一定程度上降低了光照强度；通过4种不同避雨棚搭建材料成本对比分析，全钢丝型材料避雨棚符合低成本、长寿命的生产要求，是陕西关中平原地区葡萄避雨栽培的理想搭建材料。
- Abstract:
- ‘Red globe’ grape was used as test material,studying the influence of the rain shelter cultivation and open cultivation on grape downy mildew,gray mold,anthrax,white rot incidence and the rate of rotten fruit,fruit quality and economic benefit,measuring the light intensity and analyzing the cost of shed frame materials with different price and lifetime.The results showed that rain shelter cultivation sharply reduced the number of pesticide and dose,reduced the pesticide residue,improved fruit quality and reduced the rotten fruit rate,thus increasing the economic benefit.Rain shelter cultivation was higher 55.8% profits than open cultivation average per 667 m2.The rain shelter cultivation could significantly reduced the incidence of the grape downy mildew,white rot,anthrax,gray mold.Especially in preventing and controlling downy mildew.it concluded that the incidence of downy mildew under rain shelter cultivation was lower 91.4% than the open cultivation.But the rain shelter cultivation reduced the light intensity in a certain degree.By four different rain shelter structures and material analysis,it concluded that all wire type had the characteristics of the lowest cost and life expectancy,it was ideal shape material of grapes rain shelter cultivation in Shaanxi Guanzhong region.
参考文献/References:
[1]曹李兴,吴克炎,占小敏.不同覆盖与果穗套袋对红地球葡萄的品质效应研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011(3):1348-1350. [2]万盼红.陕西省渭南市临渭区葡萄产业发展的调查研究[J].中国市场,2016(17):40-41. [3]于咏,孟江飞,惠竹梅,等.结果母枝修剪长度对“金手指”葡萄萌芽结果特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(11):5-9. [4]吴仁安,王春风,方维国.介绍一种葡萄简易避雨棚架栽培法[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,1999(2):35. [5]张新忠,张建阁.介绍两个美国葡萄新品种[J].河北果树,1994(3):34. [6]张健雄,李平.“红提”葡萄采后贮藏保鲜技术研究进展[J].北方园艺,2016(10):181-184. [7]郑雨明,付爱忠,徐立梅.红地球葡萄的Y形架避雨栽培技术[J].落叶果树,2015,47(1):48-49. [8]杜飞,朱书生,王海宁,等.不同避雨栽培模式对葡萄主要病害的防治效果和植株冠层温湿度的影响[J].云南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2011,26(2):177-184. [9]杜飞,朱书生,陈尧,等.避雨栽培对葡萄白粉病发生的影响及其微气象学原理初探[J].经济林研究,2011,29(1):52-60. [10]王紫寒,张伟,关利平,等.避雨栽培对泽香葡萄微环境和果实品质的影响[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2015(3):14-17.
相似文献/References:
[1]龚倩,王华.陕西关中地区鲜食葡萄引种观察[J].北方园艺,2012,36(15):21.
GONG Qian,WANG Hua.Primary Reports on Introduction of Table-grape in Guanzhong Area of Shaanxi Province[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(07):21.
[2]吴振海,成巨龙,安德荣,等.陕西烟田杂草初步调查[J].北方园艺,2012,36(13):45.
WU Zhen-hai,CHENG Ju-long,AN De-rong,et al.Investigation of Weeds in Tobacco Fields of Shaanxi Province[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(07):45.
[3]赵佐平.陕西苹果园土壤污染现状评估分析[J].北方园艺,2015,39(11):192.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201511048]
ZHAO Zuo-ping.Assessment of the Current Soil Pollution Situation in Apple Orchards of Shaanxi Province[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(07):192.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201511048]
[4]陈 克 克１,强 毅２.陕 西 产 景 天 三 七 总 黄 酮 含 量 的 测 定[J].北方园艺,2011,35(24):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2011024069]
.Ｄ ｅ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｍ ｉ ｎ ａ ｔ ｉ ｏ ｎ ｏ ｆ Ｔ ｏ ｔ ａ ｌ Ｆ ｌ ａ ｖ ｏ ｎ ｏ ｉ ｄ ｓ ｉ ｎ Ｓ ｅ ｄ ｕ ｍ ａ ｉ ｚ ｏ ｏ ｎ Ｌ． ｆ ｒ ｏ ｍ Ｓ ｈ ａ ａ ｎ ｘ ｉ[J].Northern Horticulture,2011,35(07):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.2011024069]
[5]聂赟彬,霍学喜.不同地区专业苹果种植户投入-产出效率分析[J].北方园艺,2016,40(20):207.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201620053]
NIE Yunbin,HUO Xuexi.Analysis on the Input-output Efficiency of Professional Apple Farmer in Different Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(07):207.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201620053]
[6]靳淼,刘慧,黑育荣,等.北五味子“红珍珠”在陕西引种表现及栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2021,(19):171.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20205351]
[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(07):171.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20205351]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：王金锋(1987-)，男，硕士，助理农艺师，现主要从事葡萄生理生态等研究工作。E-mail：929454372@qq.com.责任作者：王录俊(1968-)，男，本科，高级农艺师,现主要从事葡萄生理生态等研究工作。E-mail：wnwlj@163.com.基金项目：陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划资助项目（2013KTDZ02-01）；渭南市科技计划资助项目（2016TCCYH-3）；陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划资助项目（2016KTCQ02-29）。