ZHANG Dongming,ZHENG Daojun,ZEN Jianhua,et al.Effects of Continuous Cropping on Microorganism and Enzymes in the Soil and the Quality of Watermelon Fruit[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(04):155-158.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201704037]
西瓜连作对土壤主要微生物数量、酶活性及果实品质的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Continuous Cropping on Microorganism and Enzymes in the Soil and the Quality of Watermelon Fruit
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“小富”西瓜为试材，在同一地块采用相同管理模式连续种植，测定了连作5茬西瓜土壤中细菌、放线菌和真菌数量和土壤主要酶活性及土壤理化性状。结果表明：随着连作茬数增加，土壤pH逐渐降低，理化性状变化不明显；连作使土壤中细菌、放线菌数量呈现出先增加后下降的趋势，真菌数量变化与之相反；蛋白酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性和脲酶活性均处在一直下降的状态；相关性分析表明，放线菌数量与土壤中蛋白酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性和碱解氮含量呈现较好的正相关关系；连作还会降低西瓜维生素C含量，影响西瓜品质。
- Abstract:
- Taking watermelon of ‘Xiaofu’ as test material，watermelon of ‘Xiaofu’ was continuously grown in five croppings on the plot with the same cultivating management to seek the variation appearances of pH，nutrient contents，microorganisms，enzymes activity in the soil，and to explore the quality character of watermelon fruit.The results showed that soil pH gradually decreased with increasing cropping frequency；and the changes of soil organic matter，N，P and K contents were not obvious；the quantities of bacteria and actinomycetes in the soil increased before the third cropping and decreased at the sequent cropping，but an opposite trend was found on fungi；the activities of proteinase，catalase and urease in the soil were in a state of decline during the experimental period；positive correlation was found among the quantities of actinomycetes and the activities of proteinase，catalase，alkali solution N in the soil；vitamin C content of watermelon fruit decreased under continuous corpping condition.
参考文献/References:
[1]庞欣,张福锁,王敬国.不同供氮水平对根际微生物量氮及微生物活度的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2000,6(4):476-480. [2]YANG C H,CROWLEY D E,MENGE J A.16S rDNA finger printing of rhizosphere bacterial communities associated with healthy and phytophora infected avocado toots[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2000,35(2):129-136. [3]吴凤芝,赵凤艳,谷思玉.保护地黄瓜连作对土壤生物化学性质的影响[J].农业系统科学与综合研究,2002,18(1):20-22. [4]邹莉,袁晓颖,李玲,等.连作对大豆根部土壤微生物的影响研究[J].微生物学杂志,2005,25(2):27-30. [5]徐瑞富,王小龙.花生连作田土壤微生物群落动态与土壤养分关系研究[J].花生学报,2003,32(3):19-24. [6]孙秀山,封海胜,万书波,等.连作花生田主要微生物类群与土壤酶活性变化及其交互作用[J].作物学报,2001,27(5):617-621. [7]李世昌.老参地与土壤微生物生态[J].生态学杂志,1984(5):62-65. [8]陈慧,郝慧荣,熊君,等.地黄连作对根际微生物区系及土壤酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(12):2755-2759. [9]丁金城,喻衣蓉,居玉铃,等.西瓜连作障碍及其对策的初步研究[J].华北农学报,1989(4):82-87. [10]赵斌,何绍江.微生物学试验[M].北京:科学出版社,2002. [11]关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986. [12]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:农业出版社,2000.
相似文献/References:
[1]林燚,王驰,杨瑜斌,等.西瓜嫁接栽培植株凋萎原因及对策[J].北方园艺,2013,37(04):59.
[2]陈 潇,盛萍萍,刘润进,等.西瓜与辣椒间作体系接种AM真菌对连作西瓜植株[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):6.
CHEN Xiao,SHENG Ping-ping,LIU Run-jin,et al.Effect of Intercropping System of Pepper-Watermelon Crops Inoculating Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus on Growth and Defence Enzymes Activity of the Continuous Cropping Watermelon[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):6.
[3]李 勤,皇甫自起,陈大伟.豫东地区地膜覆盖栽培西瓜品种比较试验[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):23.
LI Qin,HUANGFU Zi-qi,CHEN Da-wei.Comparison Test on Film Mulching Cultivating Watermelon Varieties in the East of Henan Province[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):23.
[4]张 浩,李福云,徐志然,等.不同套作模式对温室连作番茄生长产量及土壤微生物与酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):46.
ZHANG Hao,LI Fu-yun,XU Zhi-ran,et al.Effects of Different Relay Intercropping Patterns on Continuous Cropping Tomato Growth，Yield and Soil Microflora and Enzymes Activities in Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):46.
[5]唐艳领,于 迪,胡凤霞,等.黄瓜-玉米轮作对设施连作土壤性状的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(11):161.
TANG Yan-ling,YU Di,HU Feng-xia,et al.Effect of Continuous Cropping Obstacles on Cucumber-Corn Rotation for Soil in Solar Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):161.
[6]王林闯,汪翠芳,罗德旭,等.木薯渣复合基质对西瓜幼苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(04):5.
WANG Lin-chuang,WANG Cui-fang,LUO De-xu,et al.Effect of Compound Substrate With Cassava Dregs on the Growth of Watermelon Seedling[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):5.
[7]郭松,刘声峰,于 蓉,等.压砂地西瓜水肥耦合模型及优化组合方案[J].北方园艺,2013,37(17):8.
GUO Song,LIU Sheng-feng,YU Rong,et al.Optimized Combination Scheme and Water-Fertilizer Coupling Model on Watermelon in Sand Field[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(04):8.
[8]徐雪莲,张银东,符悦冠,等.蚜虫侵害对西瓜保护酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(01):109.
XU Xue-lian,ZHANG Yin-dong,FU Yue-guan,et al.Effect of Aphid Invasion on Protective Enzyme Activities of Different Watermelon Varieties[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):109.
[9]韩亚楠,毕美光,刘润进,等.AM真菌对连作西瓜生长及其枯萎病的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(13):150.
HAN Ya-nan,BI Mei-guang,LIU Run-jin,et al.Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus on Growth and Fusarium Wilt of Watermelon Seedlings in Continuous Cropping Soils[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(04):150.
[10]杜社妮,白岗栓,边利军.陕北丘陵沟壑区西瓜套种向日葵栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2014,38(02):56.
DU She- ni,BAI Gang- shuan,BIAN Li- jun.Cultivation Technology of Watermelon/Sunflower Intercropping in Loess Hilly and Gully Region of Northern Shaanxi[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(04):56.
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张冬明（1982-），男，江西井冈山人，硕士，助理研究员，现主要从事土壤改良与土壤微生物等研究工作。E-mail:dongming_03@163.com.责任作者：谢良商（1958-），男，海南东方人，硕士，研究员，现主要从事作物营养与高效施肥及土壤改良等研究工作。E-mail:Lshxie@163.com.基金项目：海南省自然科学基金资助项目（312082）；海南省重大科技专项资助项目（HNGDhs201501）；海南省农业科学院农业科技创新专项资助项目（琼农院[2013]32）。