ZHANG Yongfu,LU Guizhi,XIE Yingmei,et al.Study on Mutagenic Effects of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate on Impatiens balsamina[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(21):83-89.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201521023]
甲基磺酸乙酯对凤仙花的诱变效应研究
- Title:
- Study on Mutagenic Effects of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate on Impatiens balsamina
- Keywords:
- ethyl methyl sulfonate; Impatiens balsamina; mutation; flower type; flower color
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以浅红色凤仙花地方品种为试材，研究了不同浓度（0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0 mg/mL）与不同时间（1、2、3 d）的甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）组合处理对凤仙花的诱变效应，以确定适合于凤仙花诱变育种的最佳剂量，并筛选出观赏价值高的诱变株系。结果表明：凤仙花种子发芽率、胚根长度、胚芽长度、幼根条数、出苗率、株高、茎粗、叶长、叶宽及叶形指数均受药剂浓度和处理时间的影响，当浓度为40 mg/mL处理时间为2 d和3 d时，发芽率为0。半致死剂量为2.0 mg/mL处理2 d，但此剂量不能获得较多优异的突变体，而0.5～1.0 mg/mL处理2～3 d却能获得较多的观赏价值较高的优良突变体。突变体的类型包括顶生花、一柄多花簇生、重瓣花、嵌合花、嵌合叶、花柄极度缩短及无主干等类型的突变体。花色也出现了深红、淡粉、紫红、粉白、淡紫红、紫色、粉红、白色、深紫、淡紫、粉紫、红色以及红白嵌合花色等10余种突变类型。在这些突变类型中，观赏价值高的单株有紫红重瓣花、深红间白色嵌合重瓣花、紫色重瓣花、淡粉牡丹型重瓣花、红色茶花型重瓣花、浅红间白色嵌合玫瑰型重瓣花、粉红蝶形重瓣花、一柄多花簇生型、花柄极度缩短重瓣嵌合花等9个。此外，处理以后的凤仙花花瓣色素物质和营养物质均发生了不同程度的变化。经逐代筛选，可望在其后代中获得新品种进行商品化生产，或为凤仙花育种提供理想材料。
- Abstract:
- Light red Impatiens balsamina landraces was chosen as test materials to study mutagenic effects of the combination treatment of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) with different concentrations (0.5，1.0，2.0，4.0 mg/mL) and different times (1，2，3 days) on Impatiens balsamina，in order to determine the best dosage in Impatiens balsamina induced mutation breeding，and screened the high ornamental value of the mutation strain.The results showed that Impatiens balsamina seed germination rate，root length，coleoptile length，radicle emergence rate，number，plant height，stem diameter，leaf length，leaf width and leaf shape index were controlled by chemical concentration and treatment time，when the concentration of 40 mg/mL treatment time was 2 days and 3 days，the germination rate was 0.Semi-lethal dose was 2 mg/mL for 2 days treatment，but this dose not obtained more excellent mutant，and 0.5-1.0 mg/mL treated for 2-3 days was able to obtain more excellent mutants with high ornamental value.The mutant types include terminal flower，a handle to spend fascicled，double flower，flower，flower stalk，block hinge fitting an extremely shortened and no trunk type mutant.Color also appeared deep red，pale pink，amaranth，pale pink，white powder，pale purplish red，purple，pink，white，modena，lilac，the purple powder，red and red and white mosaic color more than 10 kinds of mutation types.In these types of mutations，the individual plant of ornamental high value were purple red double flower，the crimson white chimeric double flower，purple double flower，the pale pink peony type double flower，red camellia type double flower，red and white roses type chimeric double flower，pink papilionaceous double flower，a handle to spend clustered type，pedicel in extremely short double chimeric flowers a total of 9.In addition，after processing of Impatiens balsamina petals pigment substances and nutrients were changed in different degree.The generational screening could be expected to obtain new varieties in the progeny of commercial production，or for Impatiens balsamina breeding to provide ideal materials.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张永福（1981-），男，云南弥勒人，博士，副教授，研究方向为植物遗传育种。E-mail：123017360@qq.com.基金项目：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目（31301665）；昆明学院引进人才科研资助项目（YJL11030，YJL12002）。