CHEN Xiaojie,LI Fangfang,SHI Juan,et al.Investigations on the Occurrence and Chemical Control of Botryosphaeria Canker of Apple in Hebei Province[J].Northern Horticulture,2015,39(15):120-123.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201515032]
河北省苹果枝干轮纹病发生与防治状况
- Title:
- Investigations on the Occurrence and Chemical Control of Botryosphaeria Canker of Apple in Hebei Province
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 2014年7、8月份,调查了河北省保定、石家庄等7个苹果主产地区苹果园枝干轮纹病的发生和防治情况。结果表明:河北省苹果枝干轮纹病发生普遍且严重，苹果枝干轮纹病总体发病率为76.26%，病情指数63.70。不同地区间苹果枝干轮纹病的发生情况存在一定差异，承德和张家口地区发病程度最轻，其次为保定地区，其他4个地区受害严重，发病率均达到80%以上，病情指数均高于70。随着树龄的增大,枝干轮纹病危害加重,发病率和病情指数均提高，0~5年小树发病较轻，发病率44.71%，病情指数33.55；而16年以上果树，发病率高达100.00%，病情指数98.53。不同品种苹果枝干轮纹病发生情况不同，“红星”、“富士”和“王林”发病最严重，其次是“嘎啦”和“斗南”，“国光”发病较轻。在枝干轮纹病的化学防治中常用药剂有多菌灵、石硫合剂和戊唑醇。
- Abstract:
- From July to August in 2014,the occurrence and control status of Botryosphaeria canker of apple were investigated in orchards located in seven major apple production areas in Hebei province.The results showed that the incidence of this disease in general was about 76.26%,disease index was 63.70.The occurrence of the disease varied among different regions.Comparatively，the occurrence of the disease were the lightest in Zhangjiakou and Chengde，followed by Baoding,the others were serious.The incidence rate reached 80%，the disease index was higher than 70.The older the tree，the more severe the disease.The incidences and the disease index were 44.71% and 33.55，100.00% and 98.53 for the trees at the age of 0-5 and more than 16,respectively.There were significant differences in occurrence of the disease among the main cultivars.‘Red Star’，‘Fuji’ and ‘Wanglin’ were the most serious disease，followed by the ‘Gala’ and ‘Dounan’，‘Guoguang’ were the lightest.Among the chemicals used to prevent Botryosphaeria canker of apple，carbendazim，lime sulphur and tebuconazole were the most popular fungicides.
参考文献/References:
[1]国家统计局农村社会经济调查司.中国农村统计年鉴2013[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2013. [2]李志霞,聂继云,李静，等.我国苹果产业发展分析与建议[J].中国果树，2014(5):81-84. [3]康玲,郝红梅,杨振英，等.苹果轮纹病研究进展[J].中国农学通报，2009,25(9):188-191. [4]国立耘,李金云,李保华,等.中国苹果枝干轮纹病发生和防治情况[J].植物保护,2009,35(4):120-123. [5]宋理想.苹果轮纹病无公害防治技术[J].山西果树,2011,4(7):28-29. [6]曹克强,王春珠,耿硕.我国苹果主要病虫害及其防治策略[J].河北农业科学,2010,14(8):72-74,81. [7]高艳敏,沈永波,张恩尧,等.苹果轮纹病发生规律及条件的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2007(3):751-754. [8]杨军玉,王亚南,曹克强,等.2011—2012年全国苹果病虫害发生概况和用药情况统计分析[J].北方园艺,2013(12):124-127. [9]高艳敏,沈永波,王宝申,等.辽宁省苹果枝干轮纹病和粗皮病发生情况调查[J].中国果树，2006(5):50-53. [10]时玉娟.日照市苹果轮纹病发生和防治措施[J].中国果菜,2011(4):21-22. [11]张承胤,喻永强,唐欣甫.北京地区苹果轮纹病的发生规律与防治措施[J].烟台果树,2012(2):27-28. [12]曹若彬.果树病理学[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2002. [13]王国平,窦连登.果树病虫害诊断与防治原色图谱[M].1版.北京:金盾出版社,2002. [14]刘志.苹果抗轮纹病种质资源和基因筛选以及NO介导的防御响应[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2009. [15]姜中武,李元军,于青，等.苹果抗轮纹病新砧木——烟砧一号的选育[J].果树学报,2011,28(2):363-364. [16]宋燕飞,郭丽丽.承德地区三优苹果栽培管理技术[J].河北果树，2013(4):12-13. [17]马宝焜,徐继忠,孙建设.关于我国苹果矮砧密植栽培的思考[J].果树学报,2010,27(1):105-109.
相似文献/References:
[1]黄素芳,芮松青,岳明强,等.金丝小枣园自然生草对果实品质及土壤养分的影响[J].北方园艺,2018,42(16):55.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20174099]
HUANG Sufang,RUI Songqing,YUE Mingqiang,et al.Effects of Natural Grass on Fruit Quality and Soil Nutrient in Jinsi Jujube Orchard[J].Northern Horticulture,2018,42(15):55.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20174099]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：陈晓洁（1989-），女，河北张家口人，硕士研究生，研究方向为果树栽培生理。E-mail：15933593516@163.com. 责任作者：徐继忠（1964-），男，河北唐山人，博士，教授，博士生导师，现主要从事果树生物技术及果树栽培生理与生态等研究工作。E-mail：xjzhxw@126.com. 基金项目：河北省科技厅资助项目（14226307D-5）；国家苹果产业技术体系资助项目（CARS-28）。