[1]马芳,王俊,王姮,等.文冠果树花部形态与开花物候的研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(22):80-84.
　MA Fang,WANG Jun,WANG Heng,et al.Study on Floral Characters and Flowering Phenology in Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(22):80-84.
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文冠果树花部形态与开花物候的研究

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S] 卷: 第38卷 期数: 2014年22期 页码: 80-84 栏目: 出版日期: 2014-11-30
Title:
Study on Floral Characters and Flowering Phenology in Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge
文章编号:
1001-0009（2014）22-0080-05
作者:
马芳1; 王俊1; 王姮2; 彭励3
1.宁夏大学 民族预科教育学院，宁夏 银川 750002；
2.宁夏林业研究所，宁夏 银川 750004；
3.宁夏大学 生命科学学院，宁夏 银川750021
Author(s):
MA Fang1; WANG Jun1; WANG Heng2; PENG Li3
1.College Education for Nationalities,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002；
2.Ningxia Forest Research Institute,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750004;
3.College of Life Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 75002
关键词:
文冠果; 花部形态; 开花; 物候期
Keywords:
Xanthoceras sorbifolia; flower morphology; flowering; phenophase
分类号:
S 667.9
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
通过对宁夏银川市植物园引种文冠果定株观察、套袋试验等分析，研究了文冠果的开花物候期、单花开花动态及落花落果等特性；并对文冠果的花部结构特征、结实率等进行了观测和统计。结果表明：文冠果花期在4月下旬至5月上旬，单花花期一般为5～7 d。当遇高温单花花期可缩短1～2 d，遇阴天低温可延长1～2 d；其花为杂性花，两性花（可孕花）与雄花（不孕花）同株；在性别分化的早期即2种类型花在花蕾时期，花器官结构基本上是相同的，雌雄蕊都存在，可孕花花药不能开裂散粉，不孕花（雄花）花药能散粉，后期雌蕊萎缩退化，且文冠果存在严重落花落果情况，自然状态下坐果率较低，平均坐果率仅为1.48%。
Abstract:
Flower structure and flowering phenology were investigated by position observation,bagging test of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge in the Yinchuan of Ningxia.The florescence,daily development,premature drop were observed.The results indicated that flowering time of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge was between the last part of April to the earlier part of May,anthesis of individual lasted 5-7 days.Flowering time,however,was shortened to 1-2 days in high temperature and prolonged to 1-2 days in low temperature.Monoecism plant and the two kinds of flowers (fertile and infertile floret) had similar structures of floral organ during the early stage of sex differentiation.They both had stamen and pistil,anthers of fertile were not normal outward appearance,anthers of infertile were normal outward and degradation in pistil.The inflorescence of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge existed flower-drop and fruit-drop seriously.Naturally setting was low,only 1.48%.

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备注/Memo

第一作者简介：马芳（1981-），女，硕士研究生，现主要从事植物学等研究工作。E-mail：mafang0603@163.com.

责任作者：彭励（1962-），女，博士，副教授，研究方向为结构植物学与植物化学。E-mail：pengli1124@ 163.com.
基金项目：宁夏大学科学研究基金资助项目(ZR1246)。
收稿日期：2014-07-14

更新日期/Last Update: 2014-12-12