AN Cheng-li,LIU Zhan-de,YAO Chun-chao,et al.Study on the Influence of Anemophily on Kiwifruit Pollination[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(19):30-33.
风媒对猕猴桃授粉作用的研究
- Title:
- Study on the Influence of Anemophily on Kiwifruit Pollination
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2013)19-0030-04
- Keywords:
- kiwifruit; pollination; anemophily; fruit setting rate
- 分类号:
- S 663.4
- 文献标志码:
- B
- 摘要:
- 2012年，以“金龙2号”和“海沃德”猕猴桃为试材，在东、西、南、北4个方向，利用10目尼龙网进行套袋传粉授粉试验，以消除昆虫传粉的影响，研究在自然条件下猕猴桃雄花粉在风力作用下不同距离传粉效果。结果表明：传粉距离1 m，2个品种坐果率在4个方向平均小于50%；传粉距离3 m，坐果率平均小于10%；传粉距离5 m，坐果率小于4%。2个品种之间有差异，传粉距离大于等于3 m，“海沃德”北向坐果率为27%，南向为12.5%，“金龙2号”南向和西向为7.4%和3.7%，其余坐果率为0；“海沃德”0 m处坐果率为100%，0.5 m处为71%～89%，1 m处为41%～88%。“金龙2号”0.5 m处坐果率为7.7%～30.6%，1 m处为3.6%～21.6%。2011年以“徐香”、“海沃德”和“米良”猕猴桃为试材，距离雄株大于3 m进行套袋试验，3个品种多点坐果率为0，但是套袋内人工授粉坐果率近100%。2 a结果一致。试验结果表明，自然风传粉力弱，风媒对猕猴桃授粉作用甚微。
- Abstract:
- In 2012，taking ‘Jinlong-2’ and ‘Hayward’ as materials，10-mesh nylon net bagged pollination test was conducted in the four directions of east,west,south and north.The pollination effect of kiwi male pollen at different distances under natural conditions was studied.The results showed that pollination distance of 1 m in four directions，two varieties of fruit setting rate had an average of less than 50% of pollination.Pollination distance of 3 m，had an average of less than 10% fruit setting rate，pollination distance of 5 m，the fruiting rate was less than 4%.There were differences between the two varieties.When the pollination distance was greater than or equal to 3 meters，the removal of ‘Hayward’ north to the fruit setting rate was 27% and the south 12.5%,‘Jinlong-2’ the south and the west to 7.4% and 3.7%，and the fruit setting of others was 0；‘Hayward’ 0 distance of fruit setting was 100%，0.5 m of fruit setting rate was 71%～89%，distance of fruit setting rate was 41%～88%.The‘Jinlong-2’ setting rate was 7.7%～30.6% 0.5 m away,3.6%～21.6% 1 m away.In 2011，with ‘Xuxiang’,‘Hayward’，and ‘Miliang’ as test materials，distance from male plants was greater than 3 m with bagging，three varieties of muti-fruit setting rate were 0，but within the bagging the artificial pollination and fruit setting rate was nearly 100%.Two-year results were consistent.Results indicated that natural wind pollination was weak,wind-pollinated had little influence on kiwifruit pollination.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：安成立（1957-），男，硕士，副研究员，硕士生导师，现主要从事猕猴桃科技创新技术的研究与推广工作。E-mail:can84114@163.com.