[1]邱国玉,张晓楠.21世纪中国的城市化特点及其生态环境挑战[J].地球科学进展,2019,34(6):640-649.[2]GU C L,WU L Y,COOK I.Progress in research on Chinese urbanization[J].Frontiers of Architectural Research,2012,1(2):101-149.[3]肖荣波,欧阳志云,李伟峰,等.城市热岛的生态环境效应[J].生态学报,2005(8):2055-2060.[4]ARIFWIDODO S,CHANDRASIRI O.Urban heat island and household energy consumption in Bangkok,Thailand[J].Energy Procedia,2015,79:189-194.[5]DANG T N,VAN D Q,KUSAKA H,et al.Green space and deaths attributable to the urban heat island effect in Ho Chi Minh city[J].American Journal of Public Health，2017,108(S2):137-143.[6]彭少麟,周凯,叶有华,等.城市热岛效应研究进展[J].生态环境,2005(4):574-579.[7]XIONG Y Z,HUANG S P,CHEN F,et al.The impacts of rapid urbanization on the thermal environment:A remote sensing study of Guangzhou,south China[J].Remote Sensing,2012,4(12):2033-2056.[8]DIMOUDIA A,KANTZIOURAA A，ZORAS S,et al.Investigation of urban microclimate parameters in an urban center[J].Energy and Buildings,2013,64:1-9.[9]SANTAMOURIS M.Cooling the cities:A review of reflective and green roof mitigation technologies to fight heat island and improve comfort in urban environments[J].Solar Energy,2014,103:682-703.[10]KYRIAKODIS G E,SANTAMOURIS M.Using reflective pavements to mitigate urban heat island in warm climates:Results from a large scale urban mitigation project[J].Urban Climate,2018,24:326-339.[11]苏泳娴,黄光庆,陈修治,等.城市绿地的生态环境效应研究进展[J].生态学报,2011,31(23):302-315.[12]VUJCICA M,TOMICEVIC-DUBLJEVICA J,ZIVOJINOVICB I,et al.Connection between urban green areas and visitors′ physical and mental well-being[J].Urban Forestry & Urban Greening，2019,40:299-307.[13]GEORGI J N,DIMITRIOU D.The contribution of urban green spaces to the improvement of environment in cities:Case study of Chania,Greece[J].Building & Environment,2010,45(6):1401-1414.[14]YAN H,WU F,DONG L.Influence of a large urban park on the local urban thermal environment[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,6(22）:882-891.[15]YANG Y J,ZHOU D,GAO W J,et al.Simulation on the impacts of the street tree pattern on built summer thermal comfort in cold region of China[J].Sustainable Cities and Society,2018,37:563-580.[16]MIDDEL A,CHHETRI N,QUAY R.Urban forestry and cool roofs:Assessment of heat mitigation strategies in Phoenix residential neighborhoods[J].Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2015,14(1):178-186.[17]BOWLER D E,BUYUNG-ALI L,KNIGHT T M,et al.Urban greening to cool towns and cities:A systematic review of the empirical evidence[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2010,97(3):147-155.[18]王斐,刘艳红.城市绿地降温作用的研究进展[J].黑龙江农业科学,2016(8):151-155.[19]ARAM F,GARCIA E H,SOLGI E,et al.Urban green space cooling effect in cities[J].Heliyon,2019,5(4):1339-1369.[20]BALLINAS M,BARRADAS V L.The urban tree as a tool to mitigate the urban heat island in Mexico city:A simple phenomenological model[J].Journal of Environment Quality,2016,45(1):157-166.[21]邵永昌,张金池,孙永涛,等.上海主要绿化树种夏季蒸腾特性与降温增湿功能比较[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(6):83-90.[22]GILLNER S,VOGT J,THARANG A,et al.Role of street trees in mitigating effects of heat and drought at highly sealed urban sites[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2015,143:33-42.[23]LIN Y H,TSAI K T.Screening of tree species for improving outdoor human thermal comfort in a Taiwanese city[J].Sustainability,2017,9(3):340-351.[24]KONG F H,YAN W J,ZHENG G,et al.Retrieval of three-dimensional tree canopy and shade using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) data to analyze the cooling effect of vegetation[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2016,217:22-34.[25]ZHANG Z,LV Y M,PAN H T.Cooling and humidifying effect of plant communities in subtropical urban parks[J].Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2013,12(3):323-329.[26]KONG L,LAU K K,YUAN C,et al.Regulation of outdoor thermal comfort by trees in Hong Kong[J].Sustainable Cities and Society,2017,31:12-25.[27]WU W T,REN Y,ZHAO H Y.Investigation on shading effect of urban green space in summer in Hangzhou[J].Energy Procedia,2012,14:217-222.[28]虞豹,林旭.自贡市不同林地类型温湿效应初步研究[J].南方农业,2012,6(4):48-50.[29]苏雅丽,杨燕琼.东莞市不同类型植被降温效果分析[J].林业调查规划,2019,44(3):61-66.[30]何介南,肖毅峰,吴耀兴,等.4种城市绿地类型缓解热岛效应比较[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(16):70-74.[31]纪鹏,朱春阳,李树华.城市沿河不同垂直结构绿带四季温湿效应的研究[J].草地学报,2012,20(3):456-463.[32]高吉喜,宋婷,张彪,等.北京城市绿地群落结构对降温增湿功能的影响[J].资源科学,2016,38(6):1028-1038.[33]朱春阳,李树华,纪鹏.城市带状绿地结构类型与温湿效应的关系[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(5):1255-1260.[34]雷江丽,刘涛,吴艳艳,等.深圳城市绿地空间结构对绿地降温效应的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2011,26(4):218-223.[35]REN Z B,HE X Y,ZHENG H F,et al.Estimation of the relationship between urban park characteristics and park cool island intensity by remote sensing data and field measurement[J].Forests,2013,4(4):868-886.[36]XIAO X D,DONG L,YAN H N,et al.The influence of the spatial characteristics of urban green space on the urban heat island effect in Suzhou Industrial Park[J].Sustainable Cities and Society,2018,40:428-439.[37]WANG X J,CHENG H M,XI J,et al.Relationship between park composition，vegetation characteristics and cool island effect[J].Sustainability,2018,10(3):587-600.[38]冯悦怡,胡潭高,张力小.城市公园景观空间结构对其热环境效应的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(12):3179-3187.[39]苏泳娴,黄光庆,陈修治,等.广州市城区公园对周边环境的降温效应[J].生态学报,2010,30(18):4905-4918.[40]CAO X,ONISHI A,CHEN J,et al.Quantifying the cool island intensity of urban parks using ASTER and IKONOS data[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2010,96(4):224-231.[41]KONG F H,YIN H W,JAMES P,et al.Effects of spatial pattern of greenspace on urban cooling in a large metropolitan area of eastern China[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2014,128:35-47.[42]GUO G H,WU Z F,CHEN Y B.Complex mechanisms linking land surface temperature to greenspace spatial patterns:Evidence from four southeastern Chinese cities[J].Science of the Total Environment,2019,674:77-87.[43]FEYISA G L,DONS K,MEILBY H.Efficiency of parks in mitigating urban heat island effect:An example from Addis Ababa[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2014,123(2):87-95.[44]CHIBUIKE E M,IBUKUN A O,ABBAS A,et al.Assessment of green parks cooling effect on Abuja urban microclimate using geospatial techniques[J].Remote Sensing Applications Society & Environment,2018,11:11-21.[45]LI J X,SONG C H,CAO L,et al.Impacts of landscape structure on surface urban heat islands:A case study of Shanghai,China[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(12):3249-3263.[46]YANG C B,HE X Y,WANG R H,et al.The effect of urban green spaces on the urban thermal environment and its seasonal variations[J].Forests,2017,8(5):153-171.[47]PARK J H,CHO G H.Examining the association between physical characteristics of green space and land surface temperature:A case study of Ulsan,Korea[J].Sustainability,2016,8(8):777-792.[48]栾庆祖,叶彩华,刘勇洪,等.城市绿地对周边热环境影响遥感研究:以北京为例[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(2):252-261.[49]池腾龙,曾坚,王思彤.基于RS和GIS的郑州市植被覆盖度与地表温度演化研究[J].中国园林,2016,32(10):78-83.[50]岳晓蕾,林箐,杨宇翀.城市绿地对热岛效应缓解作用研究:以保定市中心城区为例[J].风景园林,2018,25(10):66-70.[51]王刚,张秋平,肖荣波,等.秋冬季节广州城市绿地对热岛效应的调控作用差异分析[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2018,57(5):38-48.[52]ESTOQUE R C,MURAYAMA Y,MYINT S W.Effects of landscape composition and pattern on land surface temperature:An urban heat island study in the megacities of Southeast Asia[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,577:349-359.[53]YANG C B,HE X Y,YU L X,et al.The cooling effect of urban parks and its monthly variations in a snow climate city[J].Remote Sensing,2017,9(10):1066-1082.[54]PARK J,KIM J H,LEE D K,et al.The influence of small green space type and structure at the street level on urban heat island mitigation[J].Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2017,21:203-212.[55]DU H Y,CAI W B,XU Y Q,et al.Quantifying the cool island effects of urban green spaces using remote sensing data[J].Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2017,27:24-31.[56]ZHOU W,CAO F L,WANG G B.Effects of spatial pattern of forest vegetation on urban cooling in a compact megacity[J].Forests,2019,10(3):282-296.[57]SODOUDI S,ZHANG H W,CHI X L,et al.The influence of spatial configuration of green areas on microclimate and thermal comfort[J].Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2018,34:85-96.[58]ZHANG Y J,MURRAY A T,TURNER B L.Optimizing green space locations to reduce daytime and nighttime urban heat island effects in Phoenix,Arizona[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,165:162-171.[59]ZHOU W Q,WANG J,CADENASSO M L.Effects of the spatial configuration of trees on urban heat mitigation:A comparative study[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2017,195:1-12.[60]LI X M,ZHOU W Q.Optimizing urban greenspace spatial pattern to mitigate urban heat island effects:Extending understanding from local to the city scale[J].Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2019,41:255-263.[61]LEE H,MAYER H,CHEN L.Contribution of trees and grasslands to the mitigation of human heat stress in a residential district of Freiburg,southwest Germany[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2016,148:37-50.