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Effects of Located Fertilization on Nitrogen Utilization　and Environment in Vegetable Field in the Cold Zone(PDF)

《北方园艺》[ISSN:1001-0009/CN:23-1247/S]

Issue:
2013年20期
Page:
149-154
Research Field:
Publishing date:

Info

Title:
Effects of Located Fertilization on Nitrogen Utilization　and Environment in Vegetable Field in the Cold Zone
Author(s):
MA Mao-ting1; ZHAO Tong-ke1; ZHAO Li-ping1; XIAO Chang-kun2; DU Lian-feng1; AN Zhi-zhuang1
1.Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources，Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences，Beijing 100097；
2.Miyun County Agricultural Technology Extension Station，Beijing 101500
Keywords:
cold zone; vegetable field; located fertilization; nitrogen use efficiency; environmental effect
PACS:
S 344
DOI:
-
Abstract:
Taking ‘Chungan 3’ cabbage as material，with the open vegetable fields in Yanqing county of this area as the object，six treatments were set up，including the control group without fertilization，organic fertilizer (7 500 kg/hm2)，conventional fertilizer(organic fertilizer 7 500 kg/hm2+chemical fertilizer N-P2O5-K2O=300-120-45 kg/hm2)，increased nitrogen by 20% (organic fertilizer 7 500 kg/hm2+chemical fertilizer N-P2O5-K2O=360-90-135 kg/hm2)，decreased nitrogen by 20% (organic fertilizer 7 500 kg/hm2+chemical fertilizer N-P2O5-K2O=240-90-135 kg/hm2) and decreased nitrogen by 60% (organic fertilizer 7 500 kg/hm2+chemical fertilizer N-P2O5-K2O=120-90-135 kg/hm2)，the monitoring experiments of located fertilization were carried out to study the nitrogen use efficiency as well as the environmental effects under the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers and different ratio of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium.Results showed that all fertilization significantly increased the cabbage production，organic fertilizer for treatment increased by a minimum of 33.56%，reduced nitrogen by 20% for treatment increased by a maximum of 85.92%，significantly higher than the conventional treatment.Nitrogen use efficiency of the organic manure was a minimum of 10.96%，and by comparison，conventional treatment and increased nitrogen by 20% for treatment had no significant difference；reduced nitrogen by 60% for treatment was a maximum of 18.52%，and the reduced nitrogen by 20% for treatment was 16.74%，where there was no significant difference between them，significantly higher than the conventional treatment in both cases.In the three years of experiment，the inorganic nitrogen content in soil profile and the total leaching nitrogen collected at 90 cm had no significant difference the treatment of organic fertilizer as compared with the control；there was higher inorganic nitrogen residues in 80~90 cm soil profile under the conventional and increased nitrogen by 20% for treatment，and the total leaching nitrogen collected at 90cm was respectively 12.45 times and 14.19 times of the control，up to highly significant level；the reduced nitrogen by 20% and 60% for treatment also significantly increased the inorganic nitrogen residue in soil profile and total leaching nitrogen，but significantly lower than the conventional treatment，and by comparison，the former was respectively 1.23 times and 1.91 times of the latter，where the difference reached significant level.The above results indicated that，under the conditions of rain and heat over the same period in the cold zone，the higher fertility in vegetable field was unsuitable for the decomposition and nutrients release of organic fertilizer，excess nitrogen fertilizer and improper ratio of phosphorus and potassium was unsuitable for the crops on the absorption of nutrients，leading to large amounts of accumulation of inorganic nitrogen in soil and leaching loss；under combined application of phosphorus and potassium，the reduced nitrogen for treatment was beneficial to the crops on the absorption of nutrients，to improve the nitrogen use efficiency，to reduce the inorganic nitrogen residue in soil and leaching loss，but under the condition of long-term positioning，the excessively reduced nitrogen by 60% had a tendency to decrease crop yield.

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Last Update: 2014-08-27