On the basis of analysis on the status of mushrooms，the trade structure of mushrooms by export structure and market structure were analyzed and then analyzed international competitiveness by the international market share,trade competitiveness index and revealed comparative advantage during the year of 2003 to 2012.The empirical results showed that there were large differentiation among different kinds of mushrooms.The competitiveness of dried mushrooms,provisionally preserved mushrooms and prepared or preserved mushrooms were strong，the competitiveness of fresh and chilled mushrooms was weak.It was suggested that the international competitiveness could be enhanced by the way of development of fresh mushrooms and adjustment of export structure.