WEI Jiangwen,LIU Jianwei,JIANG Yanjun,et al.Dose of Potassium Phosphate for Controlling Apple Black Spot Disease and Its Effects on Leaf Physiology[J].Northern Horticulture,2026,(19):105-112.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20260594]
亚磷酸钾防控苹果黑星病剂量及叶片生理影响
- Title:
- Dose of Potassium Phosphate for Controlling Apple Black Spot Disease and Its Effects on Leaf Physiology
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2026)19-0105-08
- Keywords:
- potassium phosphite; apple black spot disease; dosage screening; physiological characteristic
- 分类号:
- S661.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以苹果树叶片为试材，自花后起每隔14 d喷施1次、共喷施5次不同浓度亚磷酸钾稀释液（3.33、1.67、1.11、0.83、0.67 mL·L-1），研究了亚磷酸钾对苹果黑星病的最低有效防治剂量及对叶片生长、叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质、氨基酸含量以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、脂氧合酶（LOX）等活性的影响，以期为苹果叶部病害的绿色防控与叶面肥合理施用提供参考依据。结果表明：亚磷酸钾对苹果黑星病具有良好防效，亚磷酸钾水剂1.67 mL·L-1（T2）在末次药后30 d防效达97.00%以上，极显著优于对照。同时，该处理叶片面积、厚度、鲜质量及干质量显著增加，叶绿素a、b及总含量、可溶性蛋白质与氨基酸含量显著提升，SOD、POD等保护酶活性增强。综上所述，亚磷酸钾水剂1.67 mL·L-1（T2）可作为防控苹果黑星病的推荐剂量，其在高效控病的同时，能显著改善叶片生理状态、增强抗氧化与抗病代谢，兼具防病与促生双重功能，适于苹果绿色生产中的集成应用。
- Abstract:
- Taking apple leaves as test materials,the minimum effective control dose of potassium phosphite on apple black spot disease and its effects on leaf growth,chlorophyll,soluble protein,amino acid content and SOD,POD,CAT,PPO,PAL,LOX and other enzyme activities were studied by spraying different concentrations of potassium phosphite diluent (3.33,1.67,1.11,0.83,0.67 mL·L-1) once every 14 days since fphite had a good control effect on apple black spot disease,in order to provide a reference for the green control of apple leaf diseases and the rational application of foliar fertilizers.The results showed that potassium phosphite had a good preventive effect on apple black spot disease.The aqueous solution of potassium phosphite at a concentration of 1.67 mL·L-1(T2) achieved a preventive efficacy of over 97% 30 days after the last application,which was significantly superior to the control.At the same time,the leaf area,thickness,fresh weight and dry weight of 1.67 mL·L-1 potassium phosphite dilution increased significantly,chlorophyll a,b and total content,soluble protein and amino acid content increased significantly,and SOD,POD and other protective enzyme activities increased.In summary,1.67 mL·L-1 (T2) of potassium phosphite aqueous solution can be used as a recommended dose for the prevention and control of apple black spot disease.It can significantly improve the physiological state of leaves,enhance antioxidant and disease resistance metabolism while controlling the disease efficiently.It has dual functions of disease prevention and growth promotion,and is suitable for integrated application in apple green production.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：魏江文(1994-)，男，硕士，助理研究员，现主要从事病虫害防治等研究工作。E-mail:1329191104@qq.com.责任作者：柳建伟(1986-)，男，硕士，副研究员，现主要从事农药应用研究等工作。E-mail:liujianwei121@126.com.基金项目：甘肃省重点人才资助项目（2026RCXM088）；平凉市科技计划资助项目（PL-STK-2024B-077）。收稿日期：2026-01-27