BAO Xuelian,JIN Xiaoguang,QI Jinquan,et al.Optimization of Planting Density and Fertilization for Pigment Marigold[J].Northern Horticulture,2026,(12):70-78.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20254292]
色素万寿菊密肥协同优化研究
- Title:
- Optimization of Planting Density and Fertilization for Pigment Marigold
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2026)12-0070-09
- Keywords:
- pigment marigold; dry matter accumulation; photosynthetic rate; yield
- 分类号:
- S681.9
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以色素万寿菊为试材，采用密度与氮、磷、钾肥用量的四元二次正交旋转组合设计开展田间试验，研究了不同种植密度与氮、磷、钾施肥量对色素万寿菊干物质积累、光合特性及产量的影响，以期为优化内蒙古东部地区的栽培措施提供参考依据。结果表明：种植密度是影响干物质积累、叶面积指数（LAI）动态及产量的首要因子。最优密度范围为45 000~52 500株·hm-2，配合较低氮肥（28.5~45.0 kg·hm-2）、适宜磷肥（65.64~77.27 kg·hm-2）与较高钾肥（38.27~42.40 kg·hm-2）的组合，能显著促进盛花期前干物质积累，并保证LAI在盛花期维持较高峰值。光合特性分析结果表明，“高密度+低氮+低磷+高钾”处理组合能获得最高的光合速率。产量回归分析显示，各因子的效应顺序为密度＞钾＞磷＞氮，且交互作用显著。
- Abstract:
- Taking pigment marigold as test material,a field experiment was conducted based on a four-factor quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design involving planting density and nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer rates.The effects of different planting densities and fertilizer applications on dry matter accumulation,photosynthetic characteristics,and yield of pigment marigold were investigated,in order to provide references for optimize cultivation practices in the eastern region of Inner Mongolia.The results showed that planting density was the primary factor influencing dry matter accumulation,leaf area index (LAI) dynamics,and yield.The optimal density range was 45 000-52 500 plants·hm-2 combined with lower nitrogen fertilizer (28.5-45.0 kg·hm-2),appropriate phosphorus fertilizer (65.64-77.27 kg·hm-2),and higher potassium fertilizer (38.27-42.4 kg·hm-2).This combination significantly promoted dry matter accumulation before the flowering peak and maintained a high LAI peak during the flowering stage.Photosynthetic characteristics analysis revealed that the ‘high density+low nitrogen+low phosphorus+high potassium’ treatment achieved the highest photosynthetic rate.Yield regression analysis indicated that the effect order of the factors was density>potassium>phosphorus>nitrogen,with significant interactions among them.
参考文献/References:
［1］李娜,王平,吴志刚,等.色素万寿菊研究现状及发展前景［J］.北方园艺,2010(10):228-231.［2］李思让索,马雪璟,陈利文,等.万寿菊TeGA2ox基因克隆及表达分析［J］.北方园艺,2025(24):26-35.［3］胡相伟,郑杰,汪斌强,等.Na2SO4胁迫对万寿菊幼苗生长及其生理特性的影响［J］.北方园艺,2025(14):56-65.［4］张世远,高伟,吕兴娜,等.喷施腐殖酸肥对万寿菊现蕾期农艺性状与生理指标的影响［J］.北方园艺,2024(16):41-48.［5］张春华.色素万寿菊及提取物的用途［J］.中国园艺文摘,2013,29(5):154-156.［6］张春华,黄前晶,孟桂兰,等.色素万寿菊及其深加工产品的国内、外研究、生产现状［J］.内蒙古农业科技,2006,34(2):65-67.［7］张春华.内蒙古通辽地区色素万寿菊产业化发展战略研究［J］.中国园艺文摘,2012,28(10):28-30.［8］王成玉,孟宪武,郭玉刚.色素万寿菊产量影响因素分析及高产栽培措施探讨［J］.农业科技与装备,2008(4):1-2.［9］海力且木,买热木尼沙·木盖提,阿布都热西提·阿不力克木.美国万寿菊高产栽培技术［J］.新疆农业科技,2007,29(5):42-43.［10］陈爱群,欧阳伟.浅论如何使万寿菊高产［J］.作物杂志,2005(6):44-45.［11］黄前晶,文峰,张春华.不同密度与施肥对小麦套作色素万寿菊产量的影响［J］.农业科技与信息,2016,13(26):65-66,70.［12］张春华,文峰,黄前晶,等.色素万寿菊高产高效栽培模型研究［J］.内蒙古农业科技,2009,37(6):64-65,100.［13］文峰.色素万寿菊杂交种‘通菊一号’高产栽培技术［J］.北方园艺,2010(17):104-105.［14］郭耀东,牛仙,任嘉瑜.万寿菊资源综合开发利用研究进展［J］.商洛学院学报,2019,33(2):18-23.［15］王璐.水分调亏对河西绿洲冷凉灌区食用向日葵光合特性、产量及品质的影响［D］.兰州:甘肃农业大学,2020.［16］张玉静,吴志刚,王平,等.色素万寿菊农艺性状对产量的影响［J］.农业工程技术(温室园艺),2010,30(31):42-43.［17］邹瑜,王继涛.色素万寿菊栽培技术［J］.北方园艺,2004(5):46-47.［18］何建春.氮磷钾配施对万寿菊产量与品质的影响［D］.甘肃农业大学,2008.［19］邓志兰,刘涛,张春华,等.不同栽培密度对色素万寿菊产量和农艺性状的影响［J］.内蒙古农业科技,2008,36(5):45-45,59.［20］王立凤,范文艳,姜述君,等.种植密度对万寿菊生物学及产量性状的影响［J］.黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2006,18(6):25-28.［21］魏凤国.光合作用中几个问题的释疑［J］.中学生物教学,2022(13):47-49.［22］孙延亮,魏孔钦,刘选帅,等.紫花苜蓿光合日进程及光合产物分配对施磷的响应［J］.草业学报,2022,31(12):85-94.［23］URBAN J,INGWERS M,MCGUIRE M A,et al.Stomatal conductance increases with rising temperature［J］.Plant Signaling & Behavior,2017,12(8):e1356534.［24］杨阳,马绎皓,王润元,等.干旱胁迫下半干旱雨养区春小麦光响应曲线的拟合［J］.中国农学通报,2020,36(29):15-21.
相似文献/References:
[1]李娜,陶承光,王平,等.色素万寿菊试管苗玻璃化现象及防止研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(04):108.
[2]夏文娟.色素万寿菊引种研究初探[J].北方园艺,2013,37(07):80.
XIA Wen-juan.Preliminary Research on Introduction of Pigment Marigold[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(12):80.
[3]韩广泉,刘慧英,徐巍,等.灌溉施肥技术对温室辣椒干物质积累及叶片光合特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2013,37(21):48.
HAN Guang-quan,LIU Hui-ying,XU Wei,et al.Effect of Fertigation Technology on Dry Matter Accumulation and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Pepper in Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2013,37(12):48.
[4]吴志刚,王平,张玉静,等.“易丰收”植物生长调节剂在色素万寿菊上的应用效果[J].北方园艺,2012,36(16):60.
WU Zhi-gang,WANG Ping,ZHANG Yu-jing,et al.Study on the Application Effect of ‘EFS’ Plant Growth Regulators on Pigment Marigold[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(12):60.
[5]王文强,董 然,严海燕,等.有髯鸢尾“常春黄”的干物质积累及养分吸收利用研究[J].北方园艺,2012,36(24):64.
WANG Wen-qiang,DONG Ran,YAN Hai-yan,et al.Study on Dry Matter Accumulation and Nutrient Absorbtion and Utilization of Iris germanica cv.‘Changchunhuang’[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(12):64.
[6]吴奇峰,李艳,王强,等.氮、磷、钾不同配比营养液对加工番茄穴盘苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2012,36(11):19.
WU Qi-feng,LI Yan,WANG Qiang,et al.Irrigation Effect by Nutrient Solution with Different N，P，K Mixture Ratio to Processing Tomato Plug Seedling Growth[J].Northern Horticulture,2012,36(12):19.
[7]贾兰虹,张雪岩,吕桂菊.色素万寿菊开花光周期调控规避病害增产效果研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(17):83.
JIA Lan-hong,ZHANG Xue-yan,LYU Gui-ju.Study on Control of Photoperiod in Bloom of Pigment Marigold on Avoid Disease and Increase Production[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(12):83.
[8]文 峰.色素万寿菊杂交种‘ 通菊一号’ 高产栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2010,34(17):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201017043]
[J].Northern Horticulture,2010,34(12):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201017043]
[9]李 娜,王 平,赵 景 云,等.色素万寿菊培养基组成的初步研究[J].北方园艺,2009,33(06):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200906034]
LI Na,WANG Ping,ZHAO Jing - yun,et al.Studies on Medium for Tissue Culture of Pigment Marigold[J].Northern Horticulture,2009,33(12):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200906034]
[10]王 平,赵 景 云,吴 志 刚,等.色素 万 寿 菊 品 比 试 验 与 相 关 分 析[J].北方园艺,2007,31(06):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200706063]
W ANG Ping,ZHAO Jing - yun,WU Zhi - gang,et al.Comparison and Correlation Analysis of Various Varieties of Pigment Marigold[J].Northern Horticulture,2007,31(12):0.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.200706063]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介：包雪莲（1989-），女，硕士，副研究员，现主要从事作物育种与栽培等研究工作。E-mail：616014159@qq.com.责任作者：文峰（1980-），男，本科，副研究员，现主要从事作物育种与栽培等研究工作。E-mail：281739764@qq.com.基金项目：通辽市科企合作研发资助项目（TLK2025005）。收稿日期：2025-12-15