LI Ting,WANG Yunxiang,WANG Baogang,et al.Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria Causing Rot in Small Watermelon Fruits and Study on the Antibacterial Effect of ε-polylysine[J].Northern Horticulture,2025,(7):99-106.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20243709]
小型西瓜果实致腐病原菌的分离鉴定及ε-聚赖氨酸抑菌研究
- Title:
- Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria Causing Rot in Small Watermelon Fruits and Study on the Antibacterial Effect of ε-polylysine
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2025)07-0099-08
- 分类号:
- S 651
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以北京市薄皮小西瓜为试材，采用分离纯化法、形态观察法和真菌rDNA-ITS序列分析法，研究了薄皮小西瓜贮藏期自然发病果实上的主要病原菌；在此基础上进一步探讨壳聚糖/ε-聚赖氨酸复合膜液对病原菌的抑制效果，采用平板计数法、十字交叉测量法、烘干恒重法、酶标仪法等检测方法，研究了不同ε-聚赖氨酸添加量（3%、5%、7%、9%）对腐败菌致死率、菌丝生长抑制率、菌丝干质量、腐败菌电导率、核酸和蛋白类物质外渗程度的影响，明确薄皮小西瓜采后腐烂的主要病原菌种类及ε-聚赖氨酸对病原菌的抑制效果，以期为后期薄皮小西瓜的贮藏提供参考依据。结果表明：贮藏过程中引起西瓜腐烂变质的主要病原菌为灰霉菌(Botrytis cinerea)、黑曲霉 (Aspergillus niger)和镰刀菌(Fusarium incarnatum)；壳聚糖/ε-聚赖氨酸复合处理可使腐败菌致死率升高，菌丝的生长速度延缓，破坏灰霉菌、黑曲霉和镰刀菌的细胞结构，使电导率值升高，蛋白质溶出率上升，核酸类物质外渗增加，最终导致西瓜腐败菌死亡。
- Abstract:
- Taking Beijing thin skinned watermelon as the test material，the main pathogenic bacteria on the naturally occurring fruit of thin skinned watermelon during storage were studied by the methods of isolation and purification，morphological observation and fungal rDNA its sequence analysis;on this basis，the inhibitory effect of chitosan/ε-polylysine composite membrane on pathogenic bacteria was further discussed.Plate counting method，cross measurement method，drying constant weight method，microplate reader method and other detection methods were used to study the effects of different ε-polylysine additions (3%，5%，7%，9%) on the mortality rate of spoilage bacteria，mycelium growth inhibition rate，mycelium dry weight，spoilage bacteria conductivity，nucleic acid and protein extravasation degree，clarify the main pathogenic bacteria species of post harvest decay of thin skinned watermelon and the inhibitory effect of ε-polylysine on pathogenic bacteria，and in order to provide reference for the storage of thin skinned watermelons in the later stage.The results showed that the main pathogens causing watermelon decay during storage were identified as Botrytis cinerea，Aspergillus niger and Fusarium incarnatum.Combined treatment with chitosan/ε-polylysine could increase the mortality of putrefactive bacteria，delay the growth rate of mycelium，destroy the cell structure of Botrytis cinerea，Aspergillus niger and Fusarium incarnatun，increase the electrical conductivity value，increase the dissolution rate of protein，increase the exosmosis of nucleic acids，and finally lead to the death of watermelon putrefactive bacteria.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：李婷（2000-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为农产品加工与贮藏。E-mail：15303190885@163.com.责任作者：王正荣(1978-)，女，博士，副教授，现主要从事农产品加工与贮藏等研究工作。E-mail：wazhro@qq.com.基金项目：现代农业产业技术体系北京市特色作物创新团队资助项目（BAIC04-2024）；国家自然科学基金资助项目(32172237)；现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-25)。收稿日期：2024-09-18