ZHANG Di,GU Xupeng,HE Xiaodong,et al.Effects of Fertilization Strategies at Different Stages on the Quality and Yield of Bupleurum chinense DC.[J].Northern Horticulture,2025,(7):89-98.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20243312]
不同时期施肥策略对北柴胡质量和产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Fertilization Strategies at Different Stages on the Quality and Yield of Bupleurum chinense DC.
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2025)07-0089-10
- Keywords:
- Bupleurum chinense DC.; fertilization stage; rhizosphere fertilizer; foliar fertilizer; HPLC; active ingredients
- 分类号:
- R 284.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以北柴胡药材为试材，使用根际肥配方（黄腐酸钾9 000 g·hm-2+枯草芽孢杆菌11 250 g·hm-2+微量元素水溶肥15 000 g·hm-2）和叶面肥配方（磷酸二氢钾750 g·hm-2＋微量元素水溶肥225 g·hm-2＋黄腐酸钾195 g·hm-2），采用三因素三水平的正交实验，在北柴胡养分亟需期（始花期、盛花期、初果期）设计精细化施肥方案，统计不同施肥时期、不同处理的单株质量，通过HPLC测定不同施肥时期各处理中木质部、韧皮部及整根中柴胡皂苷a（Ss-a）、d（Ss-d）、c（Ss-c）、f（Ss-f）、柴胡总皂苷（Ss-s）含量，研究了不同时期施肥策略对北柴胡大田生产的影响，并挖掘精细化施肥策略下北柴胡产量、质量提升的原因，以期为北柴胡水肥调控及规范化种植提供参考依据。结果表明：始花期和盛花期施加叶面肥时，北柴胡单株Ss-s含量提升，为12.35 mg·株-1，韧皮部Ss-s含量相较于对照提升了62%，产量为975 kg·hm-2，增产率为78%；始花期、盛花期、初果期施加根际肥时，北柴胡单株Ss-s含量提升，为12.68 mg·株-1，韧皮部Ss-s含量为1.78%，产量为840 kg·hm-2，增产率为54%。始花期和盛花期是叶面肥最佳施肥时期，始花期、盛花期、初果期是根际肥最佳施肥时期。根际肥与叶面肥结果一致，进一步推测产量的提升与木质部有关，柴胡皂苷含量提升与韧皮部有关。
- Abstract:
- Taking the Bupleurum chinense DC.as the test materials，using the inter-root fertilizer formula (potassium picolinate 9 000 g·hm-2+Bacillus subtilis 11 250 g·hm-2+trace element water-soluble fertilizer 15 000 g·hm-2) and the foliar fertilizer formula (potassium dihydrogen phosphate 750 g·hm-2+trace element water-soluble fertilizer 225 g·hm-2 +potassium picolinate 195 g·hm-2)，the three-factor，three-level orthogonal test was conducted to design a refined fertilization program in the period of nutrient requirement of the Bupleurum chinense DC.(beginning flowering，blooming，and early fruiting)，to count the single-plant weight of different fertilization periods and different treatment，and to determine the contents of firewood saponins a (Ss-a)，d (Ss-d)，c (Ss-c)，f (Ss-f)，and firewood total saponins (Ss-s) in the xylem，phloem，and the whole root of each treatment in the different fertilization periods by HPLC.The effects of fertilization strategies at different periods on the field production of Bupleurum chinense DC.were investigated，and the reasons for the improvement of Bupleurum chinense DC.and quality under the refined fertilization strategy were excavated，in order to provide a reference for B.Cinense DC.water and fertilizer regulation and standardized cultivation.The results showed that when foliar fertilizer was applied at the beginning and full bloom stages，the Ss-s content of single plant of Bupleurum chinense DC.was improved to 12.35 mg·plant-1，and the Ss-s content of phloem was improved by 62% compared with that of control，and the yield was 975 kg·hm-2，which was 78% of the increase in yield；when inter-root fertilizer was applied at the beginning，full bloom，and early fruiting stages，the Ss-s content of single plant of Bupleurum chinense DC.was improved to 12.68 mg·plant-1.Ss-s content was 1.78%，and the yield was 840 kg·hm-2，with a 54% yield increase.Beginning flowering and full flowering were the best fertilization periods for foliar fertilizer，and beginning flowering，full flowering and early fruiting were the best fertilization periods for inter-root fertilizer.The results of inter-root fertilizer and foliar fertilizer were consistent，and it was further hypothesized that the increase in yield was related to the xylem，and the increase in the content of saikosaponin was related to the phloem.
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备注/Memo
第一作者简介：张迪（1999-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为中药资源与鉴定。E-mail：2608409245@qq.com.责任作者：杨林林(1992-)，男，博士，副教授，现主要从事药用植物栽培生理与生态学等研究工作。E-mail：yangll-hatcm@hactcm.edu.cn.基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（82104329，32401226）；中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目（2014T170252）；河南省重点研发专项资助项目（231111312700，241111310200）；河南省国际科技合作资助项目（242102521056）；河南省科技攻关资助项目（242102310549）；河洛青年人才托举工程资助项目（2022HLTJ2C07）。收稿日期：2024-09-09