FENG Yulei,WANG Haiyin,HU Fuping.Effects of Basal Application of Silicon Fertiliser on Growth,Yield and Fertiliser Use Efficiency of Solar Greenhouse Peppers[J].Northern Horticulture,2025,(1):36-43.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20242478]
基施硅肥对日光温室辣椒生长、产量及肥料利用效率的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Basal Application of Silicon Fertiliser on Growth,Yield and Fertiliser Use Efficiency of Solar Greenhouse Peppers
- 文章编号:
- 1001-0009(2025)01-0036-08
- 分类号:
- S 626
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 以“陇椒12号”辣椒为试材,采用小区控制试验法,研究了施硅0 kg ·hm-2(Si0)、50 kg·hm-2(Si1)、100 kg·hm-2(Si2)、150 kg·hm-2(Si3)和200 kg·hm-2(Si4)对日光温室辣椒生长、产量和养分利用效率的影响,以期为日光温室辣椒种植中的提质增产途径提供参考依据。结果表明:与不施硅处理相比(Si0),施硅肥处理(Si1~Si4)通过提高光合能力和养分吸收促进植株生长和产量形成,提高了产量和品质。尤其Si4处理通过提高叶绿素含量(13.5%)、净光合速率(53.5%)使植株株高和茎粗较Si0处理显著提高了11.1%和11.5%。另外,Si4处理通过加速土壤中的氮磷钾吸收,使植株的氮磷钾积累量较Si0处理显著提高了28.6%、18.7%和16.5%。最终,Si4处理通过提高果实直径(27.1%)、长度(15.9%)和果肉厚度(22.6%)不仅使产量较Si0处理显著提高了13.6%,还提高了果实品质和肥料利用效率。回归分析的结果显示,产量和肥料利用效率并非随施硅量增加而持续增加,在施硅量为235.7~249.0 kg·hm-2时日光温室辣椒的产量和养分利用效率最优。
- Abstract:
- Taking ‘Longjiao 12’ pepper as the experimental material,the effects of silicon application of 0 kg·hm-2 (Si0),50 kg·hm-2 (Si1),100 kg·hm-2 (Si2),150 kg·hm-2 (Si3) and 200 kg·hm-2 (Si4) on the growth,yield and nutrient use efficiency of greenhouse peppers were studied by using plot-control test method,in order to provide reference for the improvement of yield in the cultivation of solar greenhouse peppers.The results showed that compared with the no-Si treatment (Si0),the Si fertiliser treatments (Si1-Si4) promoted plant growth and yield formation by increasing photosynthetic capacity and nutrient uptake,and improved yield and quality.In particular,Si4 treatment significantly increased plant height and stem diameter by 11.1% and 11.5% compared to Si0 treatment by increasing chlorophyll content (13.5%) and net photosynthetic rate (53.5%).In addition,Si4 treatment significantly increased plant NPK accumulation by 28.6%,18.7% and 16.5% over Si0 treatment by accelerating NPK uptake in the soil.Ultimately,Si4 treatment not only significantly increased yield by 13.6% over Si0 treatment by increasing fruit diameter (27.1%),length (15.9%) and flesh thickness (22.6%),but also improved fruit quality and fertiliser use efficiency.The results of regression analyses showed that yield and fertiliser use efficiency did not increase consistently with increasing Si application,and that the best yield and nutrient use efficiency were obtained for the plantable solar greenhouse peppers at Si application rates ranging from 235.7 kg·hm-2 to 249.0 kg·hm-2.
参考文献/References:
[1]唐秀英,王玲玲.甘肃临夏地区日光温室辣椒高产栽培技术[J].农业工程技术,2023,43(33):64-65.[2]侯栋,程鸿,胡志峰,等.甘肃省蔬菜种业发展现状及对策建议[J].甘肃农业科技,2022,53(6):14-18.[3]栗国栋,刘嘉兴,石玉,等.外源硅对生菜生长、光合及品质特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2021(16):49-55.[4]唐笑,夏康宁,姜乐璞,等.硅肥不同施用方式对甜樱桃果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2023(16):43-48.[5]徐宁,张方园,孙晓慧,等.外源硅对连作黄瓜生长发育、产量及品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2022(16):46-51.[6]王德美,秦松,范成五,等.硅钙钾镁肥对红托竹荪镉含量及品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2022(17):105-111.[7]陈卓,马超,李晓慧,等.加施硅肥及减施复合肥加施硅肥对辣椒性状及产量的影响[J].农业与技术,2023,43(10):10-13.[8]张帆,崔云浩,石玉,等.不同氮素水平下外源硅对辣椒生长、光合作用及氮代谢的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2023(11):145-154.[9]张帆,崔云浩,秦志翔,等.减氮和氮硅配施对辣椒产量、营养品质及养分吸收利用的影响[J].西北植物学报,2023,43(9):1518-1527.[10]刘吉振,徐卫红,王慧先,等.硅对不同辣椒品种生理特性、镉积累及化学形态的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2011(10):69-75.[11]刘藜,孙锐锋,肖厚军,等.红壤土施用石灰、硅钙肥对辣椒生长的影响[J].浙江农业科学,2012,53(9):1265-1267.[12]曾建华,潘孝忠,谢良商,等.硅钙镁磷钾肥在海南甘蔗上的施用效果研究[J].现代农业科技,2017(8):64-65,71.[13]艾静,刀静梅,赵勇,等.含硅复合肥不同用量对甘蔗产量及糖分的影响[J].南方农业,2023,17(3):77-81,85.[14]李超.硅、钼、硒及其配合喷施对几种蔬菜吸收、积累镉及蔬菜品质的影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2011.[15]李子双,王薇,张世文,等.氮磷与硅钙肥配施对辣椒产量和品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(2):458-466.[16]罗洋,张桂玲,冉秋霞.不同类型改良剂对辣椒产量和品质的影响[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2023,44(3):105-111.[17]曹洪凤,金丽华,王忠钰,等.辣椒喷施中量元素(硅、钙)水溶肥料效果分析[J].北京农业,2016(2):62-63.[18]崔云浩,梁祎,王军娥,等.纳米硅对盐胁迫下甜椒幼苗生长及抗氧化特性的影响[J].山西农业科学,2021,49(10):1162-1165.
相似文献/References:
[1]胡凤霞,唐艳领,刘金,等.辣椒砧木的筛选及其耐盐性研究[J].北方园艺,2013,37(04):24.
[2]陈 潇,盛萍萍,刘润进,等.西瓜与辣椒间作体系接种AM真菌对连作西瓜植株[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):6.
CHEN Xiao,SHENG Ping-ping,LIU Run-jin,et al.Effect of Intercropping System of Pepper-Watermelon Crops Inoculating Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus on Growth and Defence Enzymes Activity of the Continuous Cropping Watermelon[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(1):6.
[3]田 蕾,张雪艳,宗庆姝.宁夏日光温室樱桃番茄品种筛选[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):36.
TIAN Lei,ZHANG Xue-yan,ZONG Qing-shu.Comparison of Cherry Tomato Varieties in Solar Greenhouse in Ningxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(1):36.
[4]吕 涛,于 杰,赵 勇.日光温室越冬栽培番茄适宜品种筛选试验[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):40.
LV Tao,YU Jie,ZHAO Yong.Selection of Overwintering Tomato Varieties Suitable for Solar Greenhouse in Heilongjiang[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(1):40.
[5]张力飞.无花果“麦司依陶芬”日光温室栽培新技术[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):43.
[6]张婷玉,林 多,杨延杰.辣椒根系分泌物的收集方法研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(12):14.
ZHANG Ting-yu,LIN Duo,YANG Yan-jie.Study on Collection Method of Root Exudates on Pepper[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(1):14.
[7]程春霞.西宁地区日光温室丝瓜引种品比试验[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):37.
CHENG Chun-xia.Variety Comparison Test of Introduced Towel Grourd Cultivars in Solar Greenhouse in Xining District[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(1):37.
[8]叶 林,李春江,张光弟,等.不同育苗穴数、基质配比和施肥量对温室辣椒幼苗生长及其秧苗质量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,38(13):50.
YE Lin,LI Chun-jiang,ZHANG Guang-di,et al.Effects of Different Seedling Number of Holes,Substrates and Fertilization on the Growth and Quality of Greenhouse Pepper Seedlings[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(1):50.
[9]陈建军,王正义,陈海洋.宁夏日光温室与塑料大棚环境对比分析[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):36.
CHEN Jian-jun,WANG Zheng-yi,CHEN Hai-yang.Comparative Analysis on Environment in a Solar Greenhouse and Plastic Greenhouse in Ningxia[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(1):36.
[10]王国东.北方地区日光温室栽培状态下西番莲生长动态研究[J].北方园艺,2014,38(10):40.
WANG Guo-dong.Study on Growth Dynamic of the Passion Fruit in Solar Greenhouse in Northern Area[J].Northern Horticulture,2014,38(1):40.
[11]赵虎,李德超,张宏,等.日光温室一年五熟高效栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2016,40(09):55.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201609014]
ZHAO Hu,LI Dechao,ZHANG Hong,et al.Five Harvest Yearly Cultivation Technique of Greenhouse[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,40(1):55.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201609014]
[12]王世彬,李宝海,朱荣杰,等.拉萨地区日光温室不同辣椒品种比较试验[J].北方园艺,2017,41(04):36.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201704009]
WANG Shibin,LI Baohai,ZHU Rongjie,et al.Comprehensive Evaluation of Pepper Varieties Under Solar Greenhouse in Lhasa[J].Northern Horticulture,2017,41(1):36.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.201704009]
[13]苏铁,徐进,吴兴彪.日光温室辣椒-番茄周年栽培[J].北方园艺,2021,(05):172.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20202227]
[J].Northern Horticulture,2021,(1):172.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20202227]
[14]门雪杰,李东方,周进,等.北疆日光温室辣椒越冬节能高效栽培技术[J].北方园艺,2024,(20):151.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240388]
MEN Xuejie,LI Dongfang,ZHOU Jin,et al.Energy-saving and Efficient Cultivation Technology of Pepper Overwintering in Solar Greenhouse in Northern Xinjiang[J].Northern Horticulture,2024,(1):151.[doi:10.11937/bfyy.20240388]
备注/Memo
第一作者简介:冯玉磊(1984-),男,硕士,高级农艺师,现主要从事农业技术研究与推广等工作。E-mail:315018031@qq.com.责任作者:胡福平(1973-),男,本科,正高级农艺师,现主要从事农业技术研究与推广等工作。E-mail:545021539@qq.com.基金项目:甘肃省“三区”科技人才专项计划资助项目(Z145050030001)。收稿日期:2024-06-12